I know this is an odd question but being pregnant I only found out hot dogs that are not cooked can cause problems in your unborn. Is it the same for turkey bologna?
Does turkey bologna have the same bacteria as hot dogs?
Listeria {that is the name of that bacteria} can be in any kind of deli meat as well as some kinds of cheese. But I wouldn't worry about it too much, it is the same chance to get a bacteria as to die in the car accident. Enjoy your pregnancy and don't think of it as of a disease...
Reply:When my sister was pregnant her doctor told her she couldn't eat any kind of processed meats, such as lunch meat or hot dogs. I'm assuming any kind of bologna is included because its processed.
Reply:wow that is a really good question. i would think that it would have the same thing cause it is a processed meat. But i am not a dietician.
Saturday, July 24, 2010
In God's eyes, how many bacteria, ants, gnats, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, and spiders equal one human life?
I have slain countless numbers of these lower animals, but never a single human animal (yet, at any rate).
How many of these might be equated to a single human life in the eyes of God? Or, are these lower species just playthings of humanity since we're the über-lifeform on earth, anyway?
In God's eyes, how many bacteria, ants, gnats, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, and spiders equal one human life?
We are stewards of all that God creates. So flies etc preform a purpose, to feed birds, but we have to keep them in check.
Depends on the person. Some grasshoppers are worth a lot more than some humans I know. Oh, I guess that is in my eyes, not God. You will have to ask God.
Reply:42
Reply:lol!!
I guess if you're looking from a religious perspective - all are g-d's creatures, altho of course killing a person is infinitely more horrendous than squashing a fly!
Reply:No animal besides humans have souls. You've got dominion over every living thing, so go ahead, nuke the whales. Or at least that's Biblical Christianity and how its traditionally been interpreted.
Reply:doesn't matter if you haven't yet killed a human being yet. Jesus says that whomsoever has hatred in his heart has already committed murder.
Have you ever hated? That equals murder in God's sight.
Please repent of your sins and trust Jesus to save you.
Yes, you are right. Your thuggery does condemn you to Hell. But you can be saved through the shed blood of Jesus upon the cross.
Reply:He's going to stop by my house to return my crescent wrench this evening when he gets home from the office, I will ask him then.
Reply:i can't follow your question. i take it as ''In God's view"" ..ok. God created humanbeingss..similarly animals,b;irds, creatures etc., Before the God, all are equal, no differences. God created humanbeings with 6 senses. (That is considered a mistake by someone, not me) whereas animals are with 5 and other creatures 4, 3,, 2, 1. Hence this humanbeings utilises the 6th sense and dominates.
Reply:After creating the whole bacteria and invertebrates to populate the world (without mentioning birds, mammals, reptiles, etc.) God paused and ceataed the mankind on His own image with the purpose of sharing eternity with us. I think that means God is not making such comparsion or equivalency.
Although this does not mean that you could wipe off all individuals of those lower animals / bacteria.
---
If the answer is not good enough you may have to ask God yourself.
Reply:I'm not sure were are the "Uber" lifeform.
I'm not sure God looks at it that way. I think to him, life is life. regardless of which creature a soul resides within, a life is still a life.
Do I think god holds accountable for killing a creature for nourishment, self defense, or another "justifiable" reason, no.
But the senseless killing of any creature, in my opinion, would be viewed as wrong from his perspective.
So to answer your question I would say 1:1 ratio.
Reply:Insects and such are not the playthings of humanity, but no amount of them can equal a human life. God created man in His image, so while we have many of the same biological functions as other animals, we are separate. Humans have rational thought capabilities, they create, build, and use complex language. Some argue that the same is true of monkeys and dolphins, but it is a shadow of what is seen in the human race. People have souls, and while I have gotten flamed from everyone, including Christians on this, other animals do not.
That does not make these species our playthings, rather we are responsible for them. We are supposed to be stewards (managers) of the earth and use its resources, including the animals on it wisely.
I realize that this was probably a joke question, but I wanted to answer it seriously anyway. Sorry if I wasted your time, thanks for wasting mine. :)
Reply:I don't think we're equal, but I don't kill them unless they are going to harm me. I have an old peanut butter jar and a piece of cardboard that I save specifically for carrying creepy-crawlies outside.
I do kill mosquitoes, though. And if I thought we had roaches, I'd get the house bombed.
It makes me feel better to be respectful of all life, no matter how small, as often as I can. I'll yell at my kids if they step on a bug outside, even.
How many of these might be equated to a single human life in the eyes of God? Or, are these lower species just playthings of humanity since we're the über-lifeform on earth, anyway?
In God's eyes, how many bacteria, ants, gnats, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, and spiders equal one human life?
We are stewards of all that God creates. So flies etc preform a purpose, to feed birds, but we have to keep them in check.
Depends on the person. Some grasshoppers are worth a lot more than some humans I know. Oh, I guess that is in my eyes, not God. You will have to ask God.
Reply:42
Reply:lol!!
I guess if you're looking from a religious perspective - all are g-d's creatures, altho of course killing a person is infinitely more horrendous than squashing a fly!
Reply:No animal besides humans have souls. You've got dominion over every living thing, so go ahead, nuke the whales. Or at least that's Biblical Christianity and how its traditionally been interpreted.
Reply:doesn't matter if you haven't yet killed a human being yet. Jesus says that whomsoever has hatred in his heart has already committed murder.
Have you ever hated? That equals murder in God's sight.
Please repent of your sins and trust Jesus to save you.
Yes, you are right. Your thuggery does condemn you to Hell. But you can be saved through the shed blood of Jesus upon the cross.
Reply:He's going to stop by my house to return my crescent wrench this evening when he gets home from the office, I will ask him then.
Reply:i can't follow your question. i take it as ''In God's view"" ..ok. God created humanbeingss..similarly animals,b;irds, creatures etc., Before the God, all are equal, no differences. God created humanbeings with 6 senses. (That is considered a mistake by someone, not me) whereas animals are with 5 and other creatures 4, 3,, 2, 1. Hence this humanbeings utilises the 6th sense and dominates.
Reply:After creating the whole bacteria and invertebrates to populate the world (without mentioning birds, mammals, reptiles, etc.) God paused and ceataed the mankind on His own image with the purpose of sharing eternity with us. I think that means God is not making such comparsion or equivalency.
Although this does not mean that you could wipe off all individuals of those lower animals / bacteria.
---
If the answer is not good enough you may have to ask God yourself.
Reply:I'm not sure were are the "Uber" lifeform.
I'm not sure God looks at it that way. I think to him, life is life. regardless of which creature a soul resides within, a life is still a life.
Do I think god holds accountable for killing a creature for nourishment, self defense, or another "justifiable" reason, no.
But the senseless killing of any creature, in my opinion, would be viewed as wrong from his perspective.
So to answer your question I would say 1:1 ratio.
Reply:Insects and such are not the playthings of humanity, but no amount of them can equal a human life. God created man in His image, so while we have many of the same biological functions as other animals, we are separate. Humans have rational thought capabilities, they create, build, and use complex language. Some argue that the same is true of monkeys and dolphins, but it is a shadow of what is seen in the human race. People have souls, and while I have gotten flamed from everyone, including Christians on this, other animals do not.
That does not make these species our playthings, rather we are responsible for them. We are supposed to be stewards (managers) of the earth and use its resources, including the animals on it wisely.
I realize that this was probably a joke question, but I wanted to answer it seriously anyway. Sorry if I wasted your time, thanks for wasting mine. :)
Reply:I don't think we're equal, but I don't kill them unless they are going to harm me. I have an old peanut butter jar and a piece of cardboard that I save specifically for carrying creepy-crawlies outside.
I do kill mosquitoes, though. And if I thought we had roaches, I'd get the house bombed.
It makes me feel better to be respectful of all life, no matter how small, as often as I can. I'll yell at my kids if they step on a bug outside, even.
I know boiling water kills most bacteria, but will it also kill the minerals in the water?
Minerals are not alive. They are microscopic rocks. Boiling will not kill rocks.
The most it can do is, depending on the mineral, change its composition or make it react with something else already in the water (the heat being the catalyst). That's about it.
I know boiling water kills most bacteria, but will it also kill the minerals in the water?
No,
Minerals are like tiny particles of rocks, they can't be 'killed'.
Minerals are the pure substances that make up rocks. They are made of a single element - like calcium, magnesium, and potassium.
Reply:How can you kill something that is not alive to being with?
Reply:No ... only when you distill water do the minerals get left behind. If anything boiling water concentrates the minerals even more.
Reply:ye.boiling water kills bacterias in it but it sometimes affect the minerals present in them too.......
Reply:there is nothing to kill in the minerals. boiling will not get rid of them. some will coat the pot or anything in it. it's called hard water. it makes your water taste funny and changes the taste of items cooked in it. Is bad for washing clothes and hair.
Reply:no
Reply:you are all wrong..... the rock monster is alive and he's coming now.....to get you.....
Reply:no minerals stay intact after boiling although some may change format and disolve
Reply:minerals are inanimate substances and cannot be killed. and any bacteria found outside the body as in food,water etc are generally pathogenic,i.e disease causing, so boil your water water without worries.
Reply:no
Reply:Minerals will not disintegrate by water boiling point. u will need a few hundreds to thousands degree to melt them.
But some of them are toxic compounds. Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of EPA's standard over many years could experience skin damage or problems with their circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Fluoride. Many communities add fluoride to their drinking water to promote dental health. Each community makes its own decision about whether or not to add fluoride. EPA has set an enforceable drinking water standard for fluoride of 4 mg/L (some people who drink water containing fluoride in excess of this level over many years could get bone disease, including pain and tenderness of the bones). EPA has also set a secondary fluoride standard of 2 mg/L to protect against dental fluorosis. Dental fluorosis, in its moderate or severe forms, may result in a brown staining and/or pitting of the permanent teeth. This problem occurs only in developing teeth, before they erupt from the gums. Children under nine should not drink water that has more than 2 mg/L of fluoride.
Lead typically leaches into water from plumbing in older buildings. Lead pipes and plumbing fittings have been banned since August 1998. Children and pregnant women are most susceptible to lead health risks.
Not all bacteria are killed by boiling water. For example, Although you and all plants and animals would quickly die in such hot water, the microbe Pyrococcus furiosus thrives in boiling water. This bacterium not only lives at hot temperatures, but it freezes to death at temperatures below 70 degrees Celsius. Microbes that thrive in boiling hot water are called "hyperthermophiles".
Not only do these exotic microbes live in boiling water, they do not breathe oxygen. In fact, oxygen kills them. Instead of oxygen, these fiery microbes breathe sulfur and exhale the stuff that gives rotten-eggs their smell: hydrogen sulfide.
Since these microbes like boiling hot water with no oxygen, they live in the hot water bubbling from undersea hot vents.
These bacteria are classified as members of the Archeae, one of two major groups of bacteria. Some scientists believe that the Archeae are the most direct descendants of the oldest life forms to inhabit Earth. Over 3 billion years ago, ancient Earth was probably steaming hot with little oxygen and plenty of sulfur, a comfy place for Pyrococcus to swim and enjoy life.
Reply:no my dear the minerals won't be killed as they aren't alive.they only may precipitate by boiling of water due to loss of water as water vapor .but also they may dissolve more and more ,this is depending on the properties of the mineral.
The most it can do is, depending on the mineral, change its composition or make it react with something else already in the water (the heat being the catalyst). That's about it.
I know boiling water kills most bacteria, but will it also kill the minerals in the water?
No,
Minerals are like tiny particles of rocks, they can't be 'killed'.
Minerals are the pure substances that make up rocks. They are made of a single element - like calcium, magnesium, and potassium.
Reply:How can you kill something that is not alive to being with?
Reply:No ... only when you distill water do the minerals get left behind. If anything boiling water concentrates the minerals even more.
Reply:ye.boiling water kills bacterias in it but it sometimes affect the minerals present in them too.......
Reply:there is nothing to kill in the minerals. boiling will not get rid of them. some will coat the pot or anything in it. it's called hard water. it makes your water taste funny and changes the taste of items cooked in it. Is bad for washing clothes and hair.
Reply:no
Reply:you are all wrong..... the rock monster is alive and he's coming now.....to get you.....
Reply:no minerals stay intact after boiling although some may change format and disolve
Reply:minerals are inanimate substances and cannot be killed. and any bacteria found outside the body as in food,water etc are generally pathogenic,i.e disease causing, so boil your water water without worries.
Reply:no
Reply:Minerals will not disintegrate by water boiling point. u will need a few hundreds to thousands degree to melt them.
But some of them are toxic compounds. Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of EPA's standard over many years could experience skin damage or problems with their circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Fluoride. Many communities add fluoride to their drinking water to promote dental health. Each community makes its own decision about whether or not to add fluoride. EPA has set an enforceable drinking water standard for fluoride of 4 mg/L (some people who drink water containing fluoride in excess of this level over many years could get bone disease, including pain and tenderness of the bones). EPA has also set a secondary fluoride standard of 2 mg/L to protect against dental fluorosis. Dental fluorosis, in its moderate or severe forms, may result in a brown staining and/or pitting of the permanent teeth. This problem occurs only in developing teeth, before they erupt from the gums. Children under nine should not drink water that has more than 2 mg/L of fluoride.
Lead typically leaches into water from plumbing in older buildings. Lead pipes and plumbing fittings have been banned since August 1998. Children and pregnant women are most susceptible to lead health risks.
Not all bacteria are killed by boiling water. For example, Although you and all plants and animals would quickly die in such hot water, the microbe Pyrococcus furiosus thrives in boiling water. This bacterium not only lives at hot temperatures, but it freezes to death at temperatures below 70 degrees Celsius. Microbes that thrive in boiling hot water are called "hyperthermophiles".
Not only do these exotic microbes live in boiling water, they do not breathe oxygen. In fact, oxygen kills them. Instead of oxygen, these fiery microbes breathe sulfur and exhale the stuff that gives rotten-eggs their smell: hydrogen sulfide.
Since these microbes like boiling hot water with no oxygen, they live in the hot water bubbling from undersea hot vents.
These bacteria are classified as members of the Archeae, one of two major groups of bacteria. Some scientists believe that the Archeae are the most direct descendants of the oldest life forms to inhabit Earth. Over 3 billion years ago, ancient Earth was probably steaming hot with little oxygen and plenty of sulfur, a comfy place for Pyrococcus to swim and enjoy life.
Reply:no my dear the minerals won't be killed as they aren't alive.they only may precipitate by boiling of water due to loss of water as water vapor .but also they may dissolve more and more ,this is depending on the properties of the mineral.
Whats the diferrence between virus and bacteria?
A bacterium is a microscopic unicellular organism with a simple cell structure, they procreate by fission, that is splitting and sharing DNA.
A virus is a submicroscopic parasite which invades living cells, including bacteria, and hijacks the cell's systems to force the cell to make copies of the virus.
Whats the diferrence between virus and bacteria?
i guess you are talking about being sick....the difference between a viral infection and a bacterial infection is that the bacterial infection is treated with antibiotics and a viral infection is not treated at all because antibiotics are useless against a virus. Chicken soup and bedrest (time) is the only cure against a viral infection....unless the virus is HIV then that's a whole nother ball game....
Reply:A virus is usually much much smaller than bacteria. A virus is also a much simpler organism that does not have a nucleous. Its basically just RNA wrapped in a shell. Most argue that a virus is not really alive since it can not reproduce on its own and has to have a cell that it invades inorder to reproduce itself.
Reply:Bacteria
1.Microscopic,living organisms.
2.Free living or parasites.
3.Have D N A as well as R N A of their own.
4.Show respiration, movements and other activities on their own.
5.Can be controlled with the help of antibiotics.
6.They are helpful as well as harmful.
Viruses
1.Ultra-microscopic and can be seen only under electron microscope. Because they are much smaller than the smallest bacterium.
2.They are only parasites and require host to show activity.
3.They have either D N A or R N A but never both.
4.Show no activity at all out side a host cell.After invasion they hijack the metabolic machinery of the host and multiply at the expense of the host.
5.Can survive high temperature and pass through bacterial filters.
6.Antibiotics have no effect on them.They are all harmful and cause various diseases in plants,animals and humans.
lady slipper
A virus is a submicroscopic parasite which invades living cells, including bacteria, and hijacks the cell's systems to force the cell to make copies of the virus.
Whats the diferrence between virus and bacteria?
i guess you are talking about being sick....the difference between a viral infection and a bacterial infection is that the bacterial infection is treated with antibiotics and a viral infection is not treated at all because antibiotics are useless against a virus. Chicken soup and bedrest (time) is the only cure against a viral infection....unless the virus is HIV then that's a whole nother ball game....
Reply:A virus is usually much much smaller than bacteria. A virus is also a much simpler organism that does not have a nucleous. Its basically just RNA wrapped in a shell. Most argue that a virus is not really alive since it can not reproduce on its own and has to have a cell that it invades inorder to reproduce itself.
Reply:Bacteria
1.Microscopic,living organisms.
2.Free living or parasites.
3.Have D N A as well as R N A of their own.
4.Show respiration, movements and other activities on their own.
5.Can be controlled with the help of antibiotics.
6.They are helpful as well as harmful.
Viruses
1.Ultra-microscopic and can be seen only under electron microscope. Because they are much smaller than the smallest bacterium.
2.They are only parasites and require host to show activity.
3.They have either D N A or R N A but never both.
4.Show no activity at all out side a host cell.After invasion they hijack the metabolic machinery of the host and multiply at the expense of the host.
5.Can survive high temperature and pass through bacterial filters.
6.Antibiotics have no effect on them.They are all harmful and cause various diseases in plants,animals and humans.
lady slipper
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
Drink your own urine.
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
I'm gonna need a source on that one. Report It
Reply:The person's immune system will often kill the bacteria. If not, then antibiotics are required.
Reply:101 Degree Water %26amp; Soap
Reply:Some bacteria are very important for humans, they help with digestion. There are relatively few bacteria that are harmful, and some of those are only harmful in certain places (for instance in the blood, instead of in the gut) or in sufficiently high concentration. Bacteria that cause infection can be killed with antibiotics such as penicillin, or simply by the body's natural defences, white blood cells.
Reply:Use some anti-bacterial soaps !!!
Reply:the best way is to eat plain yoghurt every 4-6 hours because it helps with the lining of your stomach and gets all you bugs in your stomach right.
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
I'm gonna need a source on that one. Report It
Reply:The person's immune system will often kill the bacteria. If not, then antibiotics are required.
Reply:101 Degree Water %26amp; Soap
Reply:Some bacteria are very important for humans, they help with digestion. There are relatively few bacteria that are harmful, and some of those are only harmful in certain places (for instance in the blood, instead of in the gut) or in sufficiently high concentration. Bacteria that cause infection can be killed with antibiotics such as penicillin, or simply by the body's natural defences, white blood cells.
Reply:Use some anti-bacterial soaps !!!
Reply:the best way is to eat plain yoghurt every 4-6 hours because it helps with the lining of your stomach and gets all you bugs in your stomach right.
Did they ever decide if the 'bacteria' found in the Martian rock was really a fossil of life or not?
They decided that the evidence was inconclusive - it was possible that it was, but it turned out that it was possible that the sample could have been contaminated or compromised at some stage, or that geological or mineral activity could conceivably have created the same features seen - it seems probable that this is the case.
So they can't ever decide whether the rock is actually a fossil of Martian life, but they are absolutely certain that it is not PROOF of Martian life - a disappointing but rigorously scientific conclusion.
So they can't ever decide whether the rock is actually a fossil of Martian life, but they are absolutely certain that it is not PROOF of Martian life - a disappointing but rigorously scientific conclusion.
When you freeze yogurt, does the bacteria culture (which promotes good digestion) die?
Yes the bacteria will mostly die. (the micro phrase is become inactive). The person who works for Dannon (if they really do) should know better. When Dannon freezes cultures they use a quick freeze method usually with liquid nitrogen or CO2. In your regular freezer they will become inactivated because of the slow freezing that occurs (causes the cells to lyse). There will be some that survive and the extracellular products (which are beneficial) are still there. You should keep freezing yogurt if that is a way to extend shelf life and keep you eating it rather than throwing it away.
PhD Food Chemistry and Nutrition
When you freeze yogurt, does the bacteria culture (which promotes good digestion) die?
no i work for dannon yogurt and we keep it stored in a freezer warehouse set at below freezing it keeps the yogurt bacteria safe.
Reply:I hope not!!! I freeze my kids gogurts and they are like ice cream to them. They're funner to eat that way too!!
PhD Food Chemistry and Nutrition
When you freeze yogurt, does the bacteria culture (which promotes good digestion) die?
no i work for dannon yogurt and we keep it stored in a freezer warehouse set at below freezing it keeps the yogurt bacteria safe.
Reply:I hope not!!! I freeze my kids gogurts and they are like ice cream to them. They're funner to eat that way too!!
Waht is economic advantage & disadvantage of bacteria?
i want general explanation on the qustion please.
Waht is economic advantage %26amp; disadvantage of bacteria?
Disadvantages are probably easier. Any time there is a recall over spoiled food (E. coli, salmonella), millions of dollars of food are tossed into the trash. One small meat company just went out of business because of a huge recall.
Advantages? I think certain foods (yogurt, possibly cheese, anything with yeast like bread) need certain bacteria in order to be made. So I guess bakeries benefit from bacteria economically.
There may be other benefits as well.
Reply:Advantages:
Some foods employ and even require "good" bacteria, and these are an important part of our diets.
This benefits farmers, packaging plants, shippers, grocers, etc involved in delivering the foods to us, the consumers.
There is a sizable fortune being spent in this country on cleaners, disinfectants, sterile supplies, food-packaging equipment, penicillin, and the industries involved also feed the national economy.
Disadvantages:
Bacterial illness that spreads within a population causes lost man-hours and lower production...Bad foodstuffs create an economic fall-out that hurts all involved, from the breeder (lost livestock/profits) to the consumer (higher prices).
dendrobium
Waht is economic advantage %26amp; disadvantage of bacteria?
Disadvantages are probably easier. Any time there is a recall over spoiled food (E. coli, salmonella), millions of dollars of food are tossed into the trash. One small meat company just went out of business because of a huge recall.
Advantages? I think certain foods (yogurt, possibly cheese, anything with yeast like bread) need certain bacteria in order to be made. So I guess bakeries benefit from bacteria economically.
There may be other benefits as well.
Reply:Advantages:
Some foods employ and even require "good" bacteria, and these are an important part of our diets.
This benefits farmers, packaging plants, shippers, grocers, etc involved in delivering the foods to us, the consumers.
There is a sizable fortune being spent in this country on cleaners, disinfectants, sterile supplies, food-packaging equipment, penicillin, and the industries involved also feed the national economy.
Disadvantages:
Bacterial illness that spreads within a population causes lost man-hours and lower production...Bad foodstuffs create an economic fall-out that hurts all involved, from the breeder (lost livestock/profits) to the consumer (higher prices).
dendrobium
What is the major difference between bacteria/viruses and parasites?
Bacteria and viruses can survive on their own although by feeding on stuff like food which is outside the body while parasite take the body they live in as their house, feeding on the food inside that the victim swallows and maybe excrete wastes too.
What is the major difference between bacteria/viruses and parasites?
Bacteria/viruses are more minute and tiny, and they cannot be seen by the naked human eye. Parasites tend to be larger specimens (ex. some are worms that are live in the human's stomach, and etc.). They can be a type of insect or animal that lives in another specimen.
Reply:Lets see if I can remember my biology classes?
Viruses are nothing but DNA bunched up together inside a shell. They don't really have a cell that's why they have to attack cells to reproduce.
Bacteria have cells. They don't really cause a problem most of the time as long as their populations are kept in check by the good guy bugs. We have certain bacteria normally living on our skin, in our mouths and guts and they usually never bother us.
Some parasites are full fledged critters and are multicelular. They are critters that live on other critters and probably don't do them (the host) any good but not all of them kill the host. Some do. There are certain wasps who's larva are parasites on caterpillars. The wasp lay's her eggs on (or is it in) the caterpillar and when they hatch the eat the caterpillar...alive. (shiver)
Other parasites are the common flea and hair lice.
But there are some, I think, that are single cell critters, like the amoeba's. Parasites can do from little or no harm to eventual death. (remember that poor caterpillar!)
Does that help?
Reply:Bacteria are cells without a nucleus. Bacteria can grow on a culture in a petri dish. They are unicellular.
Viruses are non-cells. They are nucleic acids with a protein coating and do not have organelles or a plasma membrane or cell wall. Viruses cannot grow outside a living host cell.
Parasites are multi-cellular creatures. They can live for a while outside a host organism, but they do require a host organism for long-term survival and reproduction.
What is the major difference between bacteria/viruses and parasites?
Bacteria/viruses are more minute and tiny, and they cannot be seen by the naked human eye. Parasites tend to be larger specimens (ex. some are worms that are live in the human's stomach, and etc.). They can be a type of insect or animal that lives in another specimen.
Reply:Lets see if I can remember my biology classes?
Viruses are nothing but DNA bunched up together inside a shell. They don't really have a cell that's why they have to attack cells to reproduce.
Bacteria have cells. They don't really cause a problem most of the time as long as their populations are kept in check by the good guy bugs. We have certain bacteria normally living on our skin, in our mouths and guts and they usually never bother us.
Some parasites are full fledged critters and are multicelular. They are critters that live on other critters and probably don't do them (the host) any good but not all of them kill the host. Some do. There are certain wasps who's larva are parasites on caterpillars. The wasp lay's her eggs on (or is it in) the caterpillar and when they hatch the eat the caterpillar...alive. (shiver)
Other parasites are the common flea and hair lice.
But there are some, I think, that are single cell critters, like the amoeba's. Parasites can do from little or no harm to eventual death. (remember that poor caterpillar!)
Does that help?
Reply:Bacteria are cells without a nucleus. Bacteria can grow on a culture in a petri dish. They are unicellular.
Viruses are non-cells. They are nucleic acids with a protein coating and do not have organelles or a plasma membrane or cell wall. Viruses cannot grow outside a living host cell.
Parasites are multi-cellular creatures. They can live for a while outside a host organism, but they do require a host organism for long-term survival and reproduction.
Is tabasco sauce a fungus or bacteria?
It's delicious!
Is tabasco sauce a fungus or bacteria?
no
Reply:neither. Where did you get that idea. It is a mixture of hot peppers and other spices
PhD Food Chemistry and Nutrition
Reply:neither
Reply:Tabasco is made by crushing the special Tabasco pepper with salt, aging it in barrles for 12 weeks, then the mash is mix with vinegar and strained into about 6 diferent size bottles, from small 1/2 oz to gallon bottles for foodservice use.
Check out the website for more details, Mr McIllhenny started making tabasco just after Civil war from his farm on Avery Island Louisanna.
Reply:HA
a hallucinogenic drug
after repeated exposure and intentional indulgence to the pain it is transformed into enjoyment much the same as religious flagellation..
really cool stuff
or ???? insane
Is tabasco sauce a fungus or bacteria?
no
Reply:neither. Where did you get that idea. It is a mixture of hot peppers and other spices
PhD Food Chemistry and Nutrition
Reply:neither
Reply:Tabasco is made by crushing the special Tabasco pepper with salt, aging it in barrles for 12 weeks, then the mash is mix with vinegar and strained into about 6 diferent size bottles, from small 1/2 oz to gallon bottles for foodservice use.
Check out the website for more details, Mr McIllhenny started making tabasco just after Civil war from his farm on Avery Island Louisanna.
Reply:HA
a hallucinogenic drug
after repeated exposure and intentional indulgence to the pain it is transformed into enjoyment much the same as religious flagellation..
really cool stuff
or ???? insane
To view a live specimen of bacteria, which type of microscope would be best to use?
Dark field microscopy can be used . Its a modification of phas contrast microscopy.
To view a live specimen of bacteria, which type of microscope would be best to use?
I think AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and TOM (Transmission Optical Microscopy) should be the best. I have seen SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) images in some papers but after this procedure the sample won't be alive anymore.....
take a look at:
"using AFM"
http://www.formatex.org/microscopy2/pape...
http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/184/1...
http://www.innovations-report.de/html/be...
"using SEM"
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs...
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/article...
Reply:A light microscope (phase-contrast).
To view a live specimen of bacteria, which type of microscope would be best to use?
I think AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and TOM (Transmission Optical Microscopy) should be the best. I have seen SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) images in some papers but after this procedure the sample won't be alive anymore.....
take a look at:
"using AFM"
http://www.formatex.org/microscopy2/pape...
http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/full/184/1...
http://www.innovations-report.de/html/be...
"using SEM"
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs...
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/article...
Reply:A light microscope (phase-contrast).
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
Thanks for answering! ♥
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
it depends on what kind of virus or bacteria. some reproduce slow others are very fast... this goes for both bacteria and viruses
Reply:I'd say bacteria...a virus usually takes a few days to do it's thing.
Reply:I think bacteria as is it is a single celled organism but I couldn't be 100% sure.
Reply:It depends on the virus versus the bacteria their are strains of each that can reproduce very quickly their is not way to say one is always faster.
Reply:I'm fairly confident its a virus.
viruses are basically just a little capsule with the virus rna in it.
it attaches to your cell, which then in turn produces more of the virus, which attaches to more cells, etc.
broadleaf
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
it depends on what kind of virus or bacteria. some reproduce slow others are very fast... this goes for both bacteria and viruses
Reply:I'd say bacteria...a virus usually takes a few days to do it's thing.
Reply:I think bacteria as is it is a single celled organism but I couldn't be 100% sure.
Reply:It depends on the virus versus the bacteria their are strains of each that can reproduce very quickly their is not way to say one is always faster.
Reply:I'm fairly confident its a virus.
viruses are basically just a little capsule with the virus rna in it.
it attaches to your cell, which then in turn produces more of the virus, which attaches to more cells, etc.
broadleaf
How do antibiotics attack gram positive bacteria?
how do bactericides attack and how do bacteriostatics inhibit growth?
How do antibiotics attack gram positive bacteria?
Well, gram positive bacteria have cell walls made of substances called peptidoglycans. Certain antibiotics such as the penilicilin, can interfere with the structure of the cell wall, thus resulting in a fragile capsule of the bacteria, renderring the bacteria helpless and soon, they will be dead.
Reply:am not sure about this but i'm guessing it has to do with the bacteriophages. the bacteriophages attack the bacteria... it injects it self to the cell of bacteria then the cell will bursts then it will replicate... and so on and so forth...
How do antibiotics attack gram positive bacteria?
Well, gram positive bacteria have cell walls made of substances called peptidoglycans. Certain antibiotics such as the penilicilin, can interfere with the structure of the cell wall, thus resulting in a fragile capsule of the bacteria, renderring the bacteria helpless and soon, they will be dead.
Reply:am not sure about this but i'm guessing it has to do with the bacteriophages. the bacteriophages attack the bacteria... it injects it self to the cell of bacteria then the cell will bursts then it will replicate... and so on and so forth...
In evolution God created single cell bacteria that evolved into all other species, how could the bible state.?
eating shrimp is evil? I do love the movie "Forest Gump" and I don't think Shrimp Scampi is a path to hell.
In evolution God created single cell bacteria that evolved into all other species, how could the bible state.?
Life is like a box of chocolates!
Also, I think that evolution is not the means by which the diversity of life was created.
You are entitled to your opinion.
Thanks for the question, it was unusual. Added some color to the day.
Reply:Watchtower.org
Reply:Looks like you don't know God. Who told you that God produced evolution? It's nowhere in scripture.
Reply:That question has baffled theologians and religious historians for years.
Unfortunately, it can not be answered because of the 'shrimp' paradox.
Reply:It doesn't say you shouldn't eat shrimp (or shellfish...and pork) because it's EVIL....it says that it is unclean. The animals themselves are unclean. God really only says you shouldn't eat certain things for your own health, not because it's evil.
Reply:In evolution God didn't create anything not even bacteria.
Reply:it said that?.. well i don't believe in the bible/god
but maybe god is afraid of shrimps.. so he called them evil
Reply:thats really a jewish law ... but anything that is a "cleaner" type organism is considered unclean to eat ...
Reply:God has nothing to do with evolution. If you believed in God, you would obviously recognize the absurdity in believing that countless deaths were necessary to create man, and that in his own likeness. What would that say about God? Is that a demonstration of love?
Reply:God did create
Evolutionary theory claims that life started with a cell that formed by chance. According to this scenario, four billion years ago various chemical compounds underwent a reaction in the primordial atmosphere on the earth in which the effects of thunderbolts and atmospheric pressure led to the formation of the first living cell.
The first thing that must be said is that the claim that nonliving materials can come together to form life is an unscientific one that has not been verified by any experiment or observation. Life is only generated from life. Each living cell is formed by the replication of another cell. No one in the world has ever succeeded in forming a living cell by bringing inanimate materials together, not even in the most advanced laboratories.
The theory of evolution claims that a living cell-which cannot be produced even when all the power of the human intellect, knowledge and technology are brought to bear-nevertheless managed to form by chance under primordial conditions on the earth. In the following pages, we will examine why this claim is contrary to the most basic principles of science and reason.
In evolution God created single cell bacteria that evolved into all other species, how could the bible state.?
Life is like a box of chocolates!
Also, I think that evolution is not the means by which the diversity of life was created.
You are entitled to your opinion.
Thanks for the question, it was unusual. Added some color to the day.
Reply:Watchtower.org
Reply:Looks like you don't know God. Who told you that God produced evolution? It's nowhere in scripture.
Reply:That question has baffled theologians and religious historians for years.
Unfortunately, it can not be answered because of the 'shrimp' paradox.
Reply:It doesn't say you shouldn't eat shrimp (or shellfish...and pork) because it's EVIL....it says that it is unclean. The animals themselves are unclean. God really only says you shouldn't eat certain things for your own health, not because it's evil.
Reply:In evolution God didn't create anything not even bacteria.
Reply:it said that?.. well i don't believe in the bible/god
but maybe god is afraid of shrimps.. so he called them evil
Reply:thats really a jewish law ... but anything that is a "cleaner" type organism is considered unclean to eat ...
Reply:God has nothing to do with evolution. If you believed in God, you would obviously recognize the absurdity in believing that countless deaths were necessary to create man, and that in his own likeness. What would that say about God? Is that a demonstration of love?
Reply:God did create
Evolutionary theory claims that life started with a cell that formed by chance. According to this scenario, four billion years ago various chemical compounds underwent a reaction in the primordial atmosphere on the earth in which the effects of thunderbolts and atmospheric pressure led to the formation of the first living cell.
The first thing that must be said is that the claim that nonliving materials can come together to form life is an unscientific one that has not been verified by any experiment or observation. Life is only generated from life. Each living cell is formed by the replication of another cell. No one in the world has ever succeeded in forming a living cell by bringing inanimate materials together, not even in the most advanced laboratories.
The theory of evolution claims that a living cell-which cannot be produced even when all the power of the human intellect, knowledge and technology are brought to bear-nevertheless managed to form by chance under primordial conditions on the earth. In the following pages, we will examine why this claim is contrary to the most basic principles of science and reason.
Any remedies for gastritis, h pylori bacteria??
No ulcers and have taken antibiotics for it once. Have weight loss and symptoms had dissappeared after antibiotics -prevpac. But now the pain symptoms are back and unbearable pain in the back and abdomen.
Any remedies for gastritis, h pylori bacteria??
You may have the H. Pylori infection again. The best thing to do is to go to a doctor again, and possibly get another prev pac. Don't play around with this. H. Pylori can lead to a gastrointestinal bleed that can be life threatening. I know the prev pacs are expensive, but you're going to need this if you have the H. Pylori infection again. Do it and get it over with, don't play around with your life. Best of luck to you.....
Reply:limiting my refined sugar intake helped me. Also, try looking into Probiotics.
Reply:I also have h-pylori. It never goes away. The anti gent does. Keep taking the prev pak and maybe ask for for a mild pain killer, but be careful that may irritate also.
Reply:You need to stay on medication for that. I use prilosec OTC. Use it til the pain goes away then use it every 2 weeks. If that does not work have your doc. write you a RX for the prilosec, it will be much stonger. I have had it for years. You have to watch your food intake and the types of food you eat.
Reply:if an H pylori infection is probed, you have to take medication including lansoprazol (inhibits acid production) amoxicilin and claritromycin (antibiotics) depending on your country there maybe complete treatments on a pill (helicopack) and of course diet without a lot of condiments, gas, chili, don´t smoke and don´t drink alcohol (a lot)
Any remedies for gastritis, h pylori bacteria??
You may have the H. Pylori infection again. The best thing to do is to go to a doctor again, and possibly get another prev pac. Don't play around with this. H. Pylori can lead to a gastrointestinal bleed that can be life threatening. I know the prev pacs are expensive, but you're going to need this if you have the H. Pylori infection again. Do it and get it over with, don't play around with your life. Best of luck to you.....
Reply:limiting my refined sugar intake helped me. Also, try looking into Probiotics.
Reply:I also have h-pylori. It never goes away. The anti gent does. Keep taking the prev pak and maybe ask for for a mild pain killer, but be careful that may irritate also.
Reply:You need to stay on medication for that. I use prilosec OTC. Use it til the pain goes away then use it every 2 weeks. If that does not work have your doc. write you a RX for the prilosec, it will be much stonger. I have had it for years. You have to watch your food intake and the types of food you eat.
Reply:if an H pylori infection is probed, you have to take medication including lansoprazol (inhibits acid production) amoxicilin and claritromycin (antibiotics) depending on your country there maybe complete treatments on a pill (helicopack) and of course diet without a lot of condiments, gas, chili, don´t smoke and don´t drink alcohol (a lot)
How many species of gram negative bacteria are there?
I need this answer very urgently...if the exact number is not available, then an estimate is fine...thanks.
How many species of gram negative bacteria are there?
It's impossible to know that... :)
Reply:uh, how many haven't been discovered yet? add that to the number that we know about.
night jasmine
How many species of gram negative bacteria are there?
It's impossible to know that... :)
Reply:uh, how many haven't been discovered yet? add that to the number that we know about.
night jasmine
To what kingdom of organisms does bacteria belong?
Kingdom Monera
To what kingdom of organisms does bacteria belong?
Bacteria are categorized in the kingdom Monera, which make up the majority of all living things. The term "bacteria" (singular: bacterium) has variously applied to all prokaryotes or to a major group of them, otherwise called the eubacteria, depending on ideas about their relationships. Here, bacteria is used specifically to refer to the eubacteria. Another major group of bacteria (used in the broadest, non-taxonomic sense) are the Archaea. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a subfield of microbiology.
Reply:Bacteria are organisms in the kingdom Monera, which make up the majority of all living things. The term "bacteria" (singular: bacterium) has variously applied to all prokaryotes or to a major group of them, otherwise called the eubacteria, depending on ideas about their relationships. Here, bacteria is used specifically to refer to the eubacteria. Another major group of bacteria (used in the broadest, non-taxonomic sense) are the Archaea. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a subfield of microbiology.
Bacteria are the most abundant of all organisms. They are ubiquitous in soil, water, and as symbionts of other organisms. Many pathogens are bacteria. Most are minute, usually only 0.5-5.0 μm in their longest dimension, although giant bacteria like Thiomargarita namibiensis and Epulopiscium fishelsoni may grow past 0.5 mm in size. They generally have cell walls, like plant and fungal cells, but bacterial cell walls are normally made out of peptidoglycan instead of cellulose (as in plants) or chitin (as in fungi), and are not homologous with eukaryotic cell walls. Many move around using flagella, which are different in structure from the flagella of other groups.
Reply:It's complicated. Try reading up at the Wikipedia article and the various places linked to:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monera
Edit: By the by, the last two answers copy/pasted from the Wikipedia articles, so yeah.
Reply:Biology Help
http://wdcrobcolp01.ed.gov/cfapps/free/d...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology%...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology%...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/study_gu...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology_...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/index.ht...
http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cell...
http://www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/biolog...
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesiz...
http://www.allpopularsites.com/science.h...
Good luck.
Kevin, Liverpool, England.
To what kingdom of organisms does bacteria belong?
Bacteria are categorized in the kingdom Monera, which make up the majority of all living things. The term "bacteria" (singular: bacterium) has variously applied to all prokaryotes or to a major group of them, otherwise called the eubacteria, depending on ideas about their relationships. Here, bacteria is used specifically to refer to the eubacteria. Another major group of bacteria (used in the broadest, non-taxonomic sense) are the Archaea. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a subfield of microbiology.
Reply:Bacteria are organisms in the kingdom Monera, which make up the majority of all living things. The term "bacteria" (singular: bacterium) has variously applied to all prokaryotes or to a major group of them, otherwise called the eubacteria, depending on ideas about their relationships. Here, bacteria is used specifically to refer to the eubacteria. Another major group of bacteria (used in the broadest, non-taxonomic sense) are the Archaea. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a subfield of microbiology.
Bacteria are the most abundant of all organisms. They are ubiquitous in soil, water, and as symbionts of other organisms. Many pathogens are bacteria. Most are minute, usually only 0.5-5.0 μm in their longest dimension, although giant bacteria like Thiomargarita namibiensis and Epulopiscium fishelsoni may grow past 0.5 mm in size. They generally have cell walls, like plant and fungal cells, but bacterial cell walls are normally made out of peptidoglycan instead of cellulose (as in plants) or chitin (as in fungi), and are not homologous with eukaryotic cell walls. Many move around using flagella, which are different in structure from the flagella of other groups.
Reply:It's complicated. Try reading up at the Wikipedia article and the various places linked to:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monera
Edit: By the by, the last two answers copy/pasted from the Wikipedia articles, so yeah.
Reply:Biology Help
http://wdcrobcolp01.ed.gov/cfapps/free/d...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology%...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology%...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/study_gu...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/biology_...
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/index.ht...
http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cell...
http://www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/biolog...
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesiz...
http://www.allpopularsites.com/science.h...
Good luck.
Kevin, Liverpool, England.
What was the source of the bacteria and yeast originally used in a dairy product fermentations and breads?
Probably similar to the source of the yeast used in wine fermentation.
I attended a seminar several years ago, presented by a researcher in the department here. He was studying origins and phylogenies (how the different kinds are related, kind of like a family tree) of wine yeasts. This is kinda gross - but wine yeasts were long thought to have been introduced on the feet of the people making the wine, you know, like the old Lucy show with them stomping around in a vat of grapes? Well, turns out it's more likely that the yeast drifted down from the birds nesting overhead.
But more generally, these yeasts were probably environmental, accidental introductions to dairy product that happily made cheese, or to flour, sugar, and water mixtures, happily making bread. There's a reason Jewish people aren't supposed to eat anything made with flour that's been wet for more th an something like fifteen minutes during Passover - that's how long it takes for fermentation to start, whether you add yeast or not, apparently. Eventually, people isolated and cultured the critters responsible (bacteria and/or yeast), and maintained them, sometimes guarding their particular formulas jealously.
Think about how to make Sourdough from scratch - you mix milk and flour and let it sit undisurbed until it bubbles. Generally. This even works if you use pasteurized milk (my grandmother had better luck making it with pasteurized milk on the Air Force Base in France than unpasteurized milk from the local dairy, or so the family tale goes)
What was the source of the bacteria and yeast originally used in a dairy product fermentations and breads?
The useful bacteria is often grouped under the term microflora and the productive ones are kept as a ongoing culture farm.
Read up on the link from Science Creative Quarterly.
I attended a seminar several years ago, presented by a researcher in the department here. He was studying origins and phylogenies (how the different kinds are related, kind of like a family tree) of wine yeasts. This is kinda gross - but wine yeasts were long thought to have been introduced on the feet of the people making the wine, you know, like the old Lucy show with them stomping around in a vat of grapes? Well, turns out it's more likely that the yeast drifted down from the birds nesting overhead.
But more generally, these yeasts were probably environmental, accidental introductions to dairy product that happily made cheese, or to flour, sugar, and water mixtures, happily making bread. There's a reason Jewish people aren't supposed to eat anything made with flour that's been wet for more th an something like fifteen minutes during Passover - that's how long it takes for fermentation to start, whether you add yeast or not, apparently. Eventually, people isolated and cultured the critters responsible (bacteria and/or yeast), and maintained them, sometimes guarding their particular formulas jealously.
Think about how to make Sourdough from scratch - you mix milk and flour and let it sit undisurbed until it bubbles. Generally. This even works if you use pasteurized milk (my grandmother had better luck making it with pasteurized milk on the Air Force Base in France than unpasteurized milk from the local dairy, or so the family tale goes)
What was the source of the bacteria and yeast originally used in a dairy product fermentations and breads?
The useful bacteria is often grouped under the term microflora and the productive ones are kept as a ongoing culture farm.
Read up on the link from Science Creative Quarterly.
How are antibiotic-resistant forms of bacteria formed?
It's evolution at work.
Like humans and all other life forms, bacteria have a lot of diversity in their structures and chemistries. When treated with antibiotics, 99% of those bacteria will be susceptible to it, and will thus be destroyed, but a rare few will survive because of unusual features encoded in their DNA. Over time, they become more prevalent in the bacterial cultures.
Then, bacteria have a means for passing on segments of DNA that code for features necessary for survival, which they can then send to other bacteria. These segments are called plasmids, and the cells can excrete them, to be ingested by other bacteria. When cultures are repeatedly exposed to environmental pressures, such as antibiotics, these antibiotic resistant strains that survive pass on plasmids to the non-antibiotic resistant strains, thus making all of them antibiotic resistant.
Over time, this will occur with any bacteria species.
How are antibiotic-resistant forms of bacteria formed?
They are formed because people do NOT know how to finish the entire antibiotic they are given. Therfore the bacteria are not fully killed, the sickness comes back, and now a stronger antibiotic is needed to treat the same illness. So remember: finish your whole antibiotic even though you may be feeling better!
Reply:Natural selection. Bacteria reproduce very quickly, with many generations in very short periods of time. When a person starts an antibiotic regimen, but doesn't complete it, bacteria have the opportunity to randomly mutate a resistance to a given antibiotic before the entire population is killed.. They probably won't, but they can. if they do, we have a new, antibiotic-resistant strain.
Reply:it,s a known fact that given wrong meds for certain systoms will not destroy the infection.in other words,the right form of meds has to match/meet the criteria of which it can help etc. anti-bios basically attack certain bacteria,inclu your own good/friendly immune sys bacteria.if it,s a viral or fungal infection/origin then the virus/fungas will only mutate to a diff form to protect itself,thus a mutated form,that only will get stronger again if attack by another wrong med,so on and so on =mutation.bacteria being the simplest then virus and fungals at the top of the food chain of things that want us as their host,our living body to survive in,until they become stronger and we eventually do not.
Reply:When the doctor prescribes antibiotics for 5 days, some patients stops the medicine after 2 or 3 days due to side effects of the medicine or due to the fact that the symptoms of the disease have been vanished. Thus by partial administration of the medicines, the bacteria gets resistance over the antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, tubercle bacillus are becoming more and more resistant to drugs.
Another aspect in the resurgence of the disease(TB) is the development of drug resistant strains which now affect up to 50 million people. These strains can be created by bad medical practice such as over-prescribing antibiotics or patients not taking the drugs long enough to get rid of the disease. Instead this encourages the bacteria to become tougher.
Treating patients with drug resistant TB is beyond the pocket of many developing countries. The cost of treatment can rise from $2000 per patient with non-resistant TB to $250,000 for multi-drug resistant TB.
The multi drug resistant strains are often fatal and have mortality rates that are comparable with those which existed before the development of antibiotics.
Please see the web pages for more details on MRSA and Tuberculosis.
Like humans and all other life forms, bacteria have a lot of diversity in their structures and chemistries. When treated with antibiotics, 99% of those bacteria will be susceptible to it, and will thus be destroyed, but a rare few will survive because of unusual features encoded in their DNA. Over time, they become more prevalent in the bacterial cultures.
Then, bacteria have a means for passing on segments of DNA that code for features necessary for survival, which they can then send to other bacteria. These segments are called plasmids, and the cells can excrete them, to be ingested by other bacteria. When cultures are repeatedly exposed to environmental pressures, such as antibiotics, these antibiotic resistant strains that survive pass on plasmids to the non-antibiotic resistant strains, thus making all of them antibiotic resistant.
Over time, this will occur with any bacteria species.
How are antibiotic-resistant forms of bacteria formed?
They are formed because people do NOT know how to finish the entire antibiotic they are given. Therfore the bacteria are not fully killed, the sickness comes back, and now a stronger antibiotic is needed to treat the same illness. So remember: finish your whole antibiotic even though you may be feeling better!
Reply:Natural selection. Bacteria reproduce very quickly, with many generations in very short periods of time. When a person starts an antibiotic regimen, but doesn't complete it, bacteria have the opportunity to randomly mutate a resistance to a given antibiotic before the entire population is killed.. They probably won't, but they can. if they do, we have a new, antibiotic-resistant strain.
Reply:it,s a known fact that given wrong meds for certain systoms will not destroy the infection.in other words,the right form of meds has to match/meet the criteria of which it can help etc. anti-bios basically attack certain bacteria,inclu your own good/friendly immune sys bacteria.if it,s a viral or fungal infection/origin then the virus/fungas will only mutate to a diff form to protect itself,thus a mutated form,that only will get stronger again if attack by another wrong med,so on and so on =mutation.bacteria being the simplest then virus and fungals at the top of the food chain of things that want us as their host,our living body to survive in,until they become stronger and we eventually do not.
Reply:When the doctor prescribes antibiotics for 5 days, some patients stops the medicine after 2 or 3 days due to side effects of the medicine or due to the fact that the symptoms of the disease have been vanished. Thus by partial administration of the medicines, the bacteria gets resistance over the antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, tubercle bacillus are becoming more and more resistant to drugs.
Another aspect in the resurgence of the disease(TB) is the development of drug resistant strains which now affect up to 50 million people. These strains can be created by bad medical practice such as over-prescribing antibiotics or patients not taking the drugs long enough to get rid of the disease. Instead this encourages the bacteria to become tougher.
Treating patients with drug resistant TB is beyond the pocket of many developing countries. The cost of treatment can rise from $2000 per patient with non-resistant TB to $250,000 for multi-drug resistant TB.
The multi drug resistant strains are often fatal and have mortality rates that are comparable with those which existed before the development of antibiotics.
Please see the web pages for more details on MRSA and Tuberculosis.
How can we see virusus and bacteria evolve and mutate but know believe in evolution?
For example that new superbug evolved so that it is now drug resistant
How can we see virusus and bacteria evolve and mutate but know believe in evolution?
Because people generally avoid thinking for themselves. It's a great deal easier to just say "god made it so", than to come up with an actual explanation. Evolution by natural selection is real and happening all around us every second of every day whether or not people choose to believe in it. Why some choose to be so threatened by this, I'll never understand.
PS To the dude that claims it's "just a theory".... First, you need to understand what a theory is exactly. Without that little gem of knowledge, you're wasting your own time answering a question like this. To give you a vague hint as to the validity of something that becomes called a theory....gravity is still "just a theory", but I would bet that theory against your faith anytime you care to jump off a very tall building
Reply:There is no proof, it is only a THEORY! besides do you belive that we all just came to be because something exploded and the planets were made! yeh, thats the Big Bang theory and it's the most childish scientific explanation ever.
Reply:Most folks don't seem to understand what, exactly, evolution means. They might think that the flawed idea of Evolution is that a human might wake up one morning to find that they have turned into a gorilla.
They don't listen to the news and understand that the appearance of a new strain through mutation IS evolution.
Reply:Only stupid/ignorant people don't believe in the process of evolution. I don't know much about the religious crazies, but I think they (the informed ones) dispute if that is how we came to be. The ignorant people just know that their priest says it's wrong, and that it's "just a theory" (sort of like gravity), so they just deny that it even exists. But that's what religion does - makes people totally irrational, and very easily brainwashed - exactly what the people running the world want.
Reply:I think that all intelligent people concede that there is evolution and that the concept of a random mutation that ends up enhancing the fitness of the organism is valid. The question (for opponents of evolution) is whether it is plausable that all of the biodiversity of earth - and all of the unimaginably complex biological structures found within all forms of life - came about by means of random mutations and natural selection. Not taking a position against evolution here but - like you - trying to understand the intelligent design folks.
Reply:Some people can see the steps, but can't see how they add up to a staircase. What I want to know is how they can say this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Canis...
turning into this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Littl...
is not considered proof of large changes taking place.
Reply:It is true that a bacteria can mutate and become drug resistant (such as in above case) but where is the evidence that it has become another organism? Have you ever seen a research paper proving that a bacterium has become a protist (which would be the next stage toward development to a higher organism)? Theories are built on facts/observations but they are still theories until they are proven! Evolution is still a theory and I can't agree more, especially as a person in biology, that it is logical that that is how complex life forms came to be.
frangipni
How can we see virusus and bacteria evolve and mutate but know believe in evolution?
Because people generally avoid thinking for themselves. It's a great deal easier to just say "god made it so", than to come up with an actual explanation. Evolution by natural selection is real and happening all around us every second of every day whether or not people choose to believe in it. Why some choose to be so threatened by this, I'll never understand.
PS To the dude that claims it's "just a theory".... First, you need to understand what a theory is exactly. Without that little gem of knowledge, you're wasting your own time answering a question like this. To give you a vague hint as to the validity of something that becomes called a theory....gravity is still "just a theory", but I would bet that theory against your faith anytime you care to jump off a very tall building
Reply:There is no proof, it is only a THEORY! besides do you belive that we all just came to be because something exploded and the planets were made! yeh, thats the Big Bang theory and it's the most childish scientific explanation ever.
Reply:Most folks don't seem to understand what, exactly, evolution means. They might think that the flawed idea of Evolution is that a human might wake up one morning to find that they have turned into a gorilla.
They don't listen to the news and understand that the appearance of a new strain through mutation IS evolution.
Reply:Only stupid/ignorant people don't believe in the process of evolution. I don't know much about the religious crazies, but I think they (the informed ones) dispute if that is how we came to be. The ignorant people just know that their priest says it's wrong, and that it's "just a theory" (sort of like gravity), so they just deny that it even exists. But that's what religion does - makes people totally irrational, and very easily brainwashed - exactly what the people running the world want.
Reply:I think that all intelligent people concede that there is evolution and that the concept of a random mutation that ends up enhancing the fitness of the organism is valid. The question (for opponents of evolution) is whether it is plausable that all of the biodiversity of earth - and all of the unimaginably complex biological structures found within all forms of life - came about by means of random mutations and natural selection. Not taking a position against evolution here but - like you - trying to understand the intelligent design folks.
Reply:Some people can see the steps, but can't see how they add up to a staircase. What I want to know is how they can say this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Canis...
turning into this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Littl...
is not considered proof of large changes taking place.
Reply:It is true that a bacteria can mutate and become drug resistant (such as in above case) but where is the evidence that it has become another organism? Have you ever seen a research paper proving that a bacterium has become a protist (which would be the next stage toward development to a higher organism)? Theories are built on facts/observations but they are still theories until they are proven! Evolution is still a theory and I can't agree more, especially as a person in biology, that it is logical that that is how complex life forms came to be.
frangipni
Can anyone tell me what this (bacteria growth after I spit into cup)?
Here is a link to the picture:
http://img259.imageshack.us/img259/8540/...
I am going to a doctor tomorrow so please don't ***** at me about that. I am just curious why there is green stuff in the cup. I have been hacking up yellow mucus from my throat and I happened to spit it into a cup and less than a week later, this grew. Any ideas?
Can anyone tell me what this (bacteria growth after I spit into cup)?
That is awesome, You're so lucky.
Reply:stop smoking.
Reply:What would compel you to spit mucus into a cup and leave it there? Honestly, that has to be one of the most disgusting things I've ever heard.
Reply:Well, you left germ-filled mucus in a cup, of course nasty things are going to grow. Definitely go to the doctor. But the nasty growth is not an indication of what you may have. The fact that you're spitting out colored mucus IS.
Reply:Looks alot like mold in a cup of beer. Everybody has mucus.```````
Reply:OMG.....why did you even leave it in a cup this long...? But anyways...i have no idea.....
Reply:You might as well ask why bread gets moldy. O_o
Anyway, you probably have a sinus infection, so it's good that you're going to the doctor.
Reply:Throw the mucus cup away!
Reply:strep throat, bronchitis, upper respitory infection, mono, pneumonia..
Reply:ewwwwwww
http://img259.imageshack.us/img259/8540/...
I am going to a doctor tomorrow so please don't ***** at me about that. I am just curious why there is green stuff in the cup. I have been hacking up yellow mucus from my throat and I happened to spit it into a cup and less than a week later, this grew. Any ideas?
Can anyone tell me what this (bacteria growth after I spit into cup)?
That is awesome, You're so lucky.
Reply:stop smoking.
Reply:What would compel you to spit mucus into a cup and leave it there? Honestly, that has to be one of the most disgusting things I've ever heard.
Reply:Well, you left germ-filled mucus in a cup, of course nasty things are going to grow. Definitely go to the doctor. But the nasty growth is not an indication of what you may have. The fact that you're spitting out colored mucus IS.
Reply:Looks alot like mold in a cup of beer. Everybody has mucus.```````
Reply:OMG.....why did you even leave it in a cup this long...? But anyways...i have no idea.....
Reply:You might as well ask why bread gets moldy. O_o
Anyway, you probably have a sinus infection, so it's good that you're going to the doctor.
Reply:Throw the mucus cup away!
Reply:strep throat, bronchitis, upper respitory infection, mono, pneumonia..
Reply:ewwwwwww
Can you conclusion the genetic of bacteria tell me faster if you can pls i hope to help me faster thanx a lot
The Hershey-Chase experiment was a series of experiments conducted in 1952 by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that identified DNA to be the genetic material of phages and, ultimately, of all organisms. A phage is a small virus that infects bacteria. It consists of a protein coat that encloses the genetic material. When a phage infects a bacterium, it inserts its genetic material into the bacterium, while its coat remains outside.
Structural overview of T2 phageIn a first experiment, T2 phages with radioactive 32P-labeled DNA infected bacteria. In a second experiment, T2 phages with radioactive 35S-labeled protein infected bacteria. In both experiments, bacteria were separated from the phage coats by blending followed by centrifugation. In the first experiment, most radioactivity was found in the infected bacteria, while in the second experiment most radioactivity was found in the phage coat. These experiments demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of phage and that protein does not transmit genetic information.
Hershey shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his “discoveries concerning the genetic structure of viruses”
is this wat u meAN?
Can you conclusion the genetic of bacteria tell me faster if you can pls i hope to help me faster thanx a lot
I'm sorry I don't understand what you are asking.
Reply:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
Structural overview of T2 phageIn a first experiment, T2 phages with radioactive 32P-labeled DNA infected bacteria. In a second experiment, T2 phages with radioactive 35S-labeled protein infected bacteria. In both experiments, bacteria were separated from the phage coats by blending followed by centrifugation. In the first experiment, most radioactivity was found in the infected bacteria, while in the second experiment most radioactivity was found in the phage coat. These experiments demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of phage and that protein does not transmit genetic information.
Hershey shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his “discoveries concerning the genetic structure of viruses”
is this wat u meAN?
Can you conclusion the genetic of bacteria tell me faster if you can pls i hope to help me faster thanx a lot
I'm sorry I don't understand what you are asking.
Reply:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
What are some beneficial used of bacteria?
Bacteria help breakdown some food that our body cant, like in the digestive tract (mutual relationship- we provide it with food. it breaks it down so that we and it can get energy from it). Sometimes it is actually helpful in fighting off harmful bacteria from our body. Scientist also use bacteria to produce insulin for patients with diebetes and other drugs in a fast rate because bacteria are always duplicating. By splicing the bacteria DNA with DNA that makes certain enzymes and substrates. The bacteria not knowing any difference replicates and produces the desired drug or enzyme. Scientists then extract the enzyme such as insulin and are able to use it in medical purposes. This is a fast and efficient process.
What are some beneficial used of bacteria?
there is bacteria in our digestive track that helps us out
Reply:It helps our bodies build antibodies.
Reply:THERE'S BACTERIA IN THE YOGURT!!!! to help us digest our food....
Reply:We have bacteria that lives on our skin called Natural Flora. This bacteria provides competition to harmful bacteria that lands on our skin. Therefore, by survival of the fittest, the harmful bacteria cannot take over our bodies easily.
Reply:Certain bacteria can used to clean up major oil spills.
Reply:Scientists use bacterial enzymes to cut DNA for things such as electrophoresis, which is used in investigation labs.
Reply:Bacteria are used in the fermentation process- beer/cheese.
Bacteria can be engineered to produce antibiotics.
Bacteria are the natural composters of most organic matter.
Bacteria create toxins used in medicinal applications (botox)
Bacteria are symbiotic with all creatures (our intestines/a firefly light)
Bacteria can be used in warfare (anthrax)
What are some beneficial used of bacteria?
there is bacteria in our digestive track that helps us out
Reply:It helps our bodies build antibodies.
Reply:THERE'S BACTERIA IN THE YOGURT!!!! to help us digest our food....
Reply:We have bacteria that lives on our skin called Natural Flora. This bacteria provides competition to harmful bacteria that lands on our skin. Therefore, by survival of the fittest, the harmful bacteria cannot take over our bodies easily.
Reply:Certain bacteria can used to clean up major oil spills.
Reply:Scientists use bacterial enzymes to cut DNA for things such as electrophoresis, which is used in investigation labs.
Reply:Bacteria are used in the fermentation process- beer/cheese.
Bacteria can be engineered to produce antibiotics.
Bacteria are the natural composters of most organic matter.
Bacteria create toxins used in medicinal applications (botox)
Bacteria are symbiotic with all creatures (our intestines/a firefly light)
Bacteria can be used in warfare (anthrax)
Any good "kills 99.99% of bacteria" cleaning products for bathroom, and does not have the bad smell of bleach?
no none of them are good. It is another sales gimmick that people have bought into. Without bacteria the human body would not work properly just what you want and what is cheapest.
Any good "kills 99.99% of bacteria" cleaning products for bathroom, and does not have the bad smell of bleach?
FANTASTIC heavy duty...wonderful smell
Reply:http://www.nancysnatural.info/recipesand...
This site (as well as bunches on the internet) has "recipes" for natural cleaning solutions. You might be able to add a scent to your own concoction!
And, germs are there the nano second you stop cleaning. The key is cleaning regularly, and watching for anything "sinister" such as mold or mildew.
Reply:Lemon scented Clorox wet wipes.
Reply:mixture of vinager and warm water
Reply:White vinegar and water, then you get vinegar smell rather than bleach.
Other than that Lysol spray after you clean, or good ole brown liquid lysol in a bottle.
I actually like that smell!
Reply:odor-band you can buy it at wal-mart or sams club
Reply:PEROXIDE or VINEGAR
I cannot use anything commercial....allergies......
Reply:Scrubbing Bubbles
bleeding heart
Any good "kills 99.99% of bacteria" cleaning products for bathroom, and does not have the bad smell of bleach?
FANTASTIC heavy duty...wonderful smell
Reply:http://www.nancysnatural.info/recipesand...
This site (as well as bunches on the internet) has "recipes" for natural cleaning solutions. You might be able to add a scent to your own concoction!
And, germs are there the nano second you stop cleaning. The key is cleaning regularly, and watching for anything "sinister" such as mold or mildew.
Reply:Lemon scented Clorox wet wipes.
Reply:mixture of vinager and warm water
Reply:White vinegar and water, then you get vinegar smell rather than bleach.
Other than that Lysol spray after you clean, or good ole brown liquid lysol in a bottle.
I actually like that smell!
Reply:odor-band you can buy it at wal-mart or sams club
Reply:PEROXIDE or VINEGAR
I cannot use anything commercial....allergies......
Reply:Scrubbing Bubbles
bleeding heart
What are the diseases cause by BACTERIA?
The ones not caused by viruses, fungus, genetic disorders. etc. Too numerous to list here.
Is the occult full of friendly bacteria to help digestion?
or is it yakult
Is the occult full of friendly bacteria to help digestion?
LOL. Nice one. It's probably both. I'm sure some of those witches warts are full of friendly bacteria.
Reply:It's the occult.
Reply:that's really really funny
Reply:I think so, it can certainly get the bowels moving
Reply:Seriously, oh dear.
Is the occult full of friendly bacteria to help digestion?
LOL. Nice one. It's probably both. I'm sure some of those witches warts are full of friendly bacteria.
Reply:It's the occult.
Reply:that's really really funny
Reply:I think so, it can certainly get the bowels moving
Reply:Seriously, oh dear.
Name 10 medicines that came from bacteria?
Because I love a good challenge, here are 12. I didn't know this before I looked it up, thanks you taught me something new!
Antibiotics produced by Bacteria
Antibiotic and the Bacterial Species it was derived from
Tetracycline made from Streptomyces remosus
Streptomycinmade from Streptomyces griseus
Cyclohexamide made from Streptomyces griseus
Neomycin made from Streptomyces frodiae
Cycloserine made from Streptomyces orchidaceus
Erythromycin made from Streptomyces erythreus
Kanamycin made from Streptomyces kanamyceticus
Lincomycin made from Streptomyces lincolnensis
Nystatin made from Streptomyces noursei
Polymyxin B made from Bacillus polymyxa
Bacitracin made from Bacillus licheniformis
Antibiotics produced by Bacteria
Antibiotic and the Bacterial Species it was derived from
Tetracycline made from Streptomyces remosus
Streptomycinmade from Streptomyces griseus
Cyclohexamide made from Streptomyces griseus
Neomycin made from Streptomyces frodiae
Cycloserine made from Streptomyces orchidaceus
Erythromycin made from Streptomyces erythreus
Kanamycin made from Streptomyces kanamyceticus
Lincomycin made from Streptomyces lincolnensis
Nystatin made from Streptomyces noursei
Polymyxin B made from Bacillus polymyxa
Bacitracin made from Bacillus licheniformis
How does suger preserve food from bacteria?
please help!
best answer will be rewarded
How does suger preserve food from bacteria?
enjoy: (in vitro study of bacterial growth inhibition in concentrated sugar solutions)
http://aac.asm.org/cgi/reprint/23/5/766....
(antimicrobial effect of salt/sugar)
http://www.sciam.com/biology/article/id/...
street fighting
best answer will be rewarded
How does suger preserve food from bacteria?
enjoy: (in vitro study of bacterial growth inhibition in concentrated sugar solutions)
http://aac.asm.org/cgi/reprint/23/5/766....
(antimicrobial effect of salt/sugar)
http://www.sciam.com/biology/article/id/...
street fighting
Anyone tried "Bio - k{, live friendly bacteria, yogurt like stuff?
I just bought some Bio - K at whole foods and have had a bottle a day for two days. Just curious, since it isn't ceap, if anyone has some experiences to share, pros, cons? TIA
Anyone tried "Bio - k{, live friendly bacteria, yogurt like stuff?
I have never heard of Bio-k. What I take is acidophilus which is a friendly bacteria found naturally in the intestinal tract. Acidophilus promotes a balance of intestinal bacteria and supports the healt hy functioning of the intestinal system. I purchase mine at Wal-mart. The brand is Spring Valley, 120 tablets for approx. $5.00. This is a very safe product, I give it to my son daily and I have even crushed it up and given it to my very old dog. Check it out, will probably save you some money. Acidophilus is also what you find in yogurt.
Anyone tried "Bio - k{, live friendly bacteria, yogurt like stuff?
I have never heard of Bio-k. What I take is acidophilus which is a friendly bacteria found naturally in the intestinal tract. Acidophilus promotes a balance of intestinal bacteria and supports the healt hy functioning of the intestinal system. I purchase mine at Wal-mart. The brand is Spring Valley, 120 tablets for approx. $5.00. This is a very safe product, I give it to my son daily and I have even crushed it up and given it to my very old dog. Check it out, will probably save you some money. Acidophilus is also what you find in yogurt.
What is the name of the bacteria that causes whooping cough?
Bordetella pertussis or B. parapertussis bacteria
Why is agar use to cultivate bacteria?
it provides the nutrients necessary for the a few bacterial cells to survive and rapidly reproduce, resulting in the efficient cultivation entire colonies.
Why is agar use to cultivate bacteria?
Bacteria can be grown in liquid or on solid gel plates.
Plates allow isolation and visualization of various bacteria.
Liquid is good for growing up to obtain material.
Processed agar itself does not contain nutrients.
Agar or agarose is a polysaccharide from kelp.
It forms a gel after heating and cooling, makes a good solid surface or matrix for growing various things.
Is fairly inert.
However nutrient components to support growth
can be added with the agar when making the media.
The agar still forms a gel.
Why is agar use to cultivate bacteria?
Bacteria can be grown in liquid or on solid gel plates.
Plates allow isolation and visualization of various bacteria.
Liquid is good for growing up to obtain material.
Processed agar itself does not contain nutrients.
Agar or agarose is a polysaccharide from kelp.
It forms a gel after heating and cooling, makes a good solid surface or matrix for growing various things.
Is fairly inert.
However nutrient components to support growth
can be added with the agar when making the media.
The agar still forms a gel.
What beneficial substances are produced by bacteria in the large intestine? ..... more below?
choices are:
a. fats c. vitamins
b. minerals d. proteins
Thanks!!!
What beneficial substances are produced by bacteria in the large intestine? ..... more below?
vitamins
vitamin k is produced by bacteria in the intestines.
grappling
a. fats c. vitamins
b. minerals d. proteins
Thanks!!!
What beneficial substances are produced by bacteria in the large intestine? ..... more below?
vitamins
vitamin k is produced by bacteria in the intestines.
grappling
List three methods that can modify bacteria genetically?
1. Transduction is the process by which bacterial DNA is moved from one bacterium to another by a virus.
2. Transformation - genetic change brought about by picking up naked strands of DNA and expressing it, and competence refers to the state of being able to take up DNA.
3. Conjugation (Bacterial) - is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through cell-to-cell contact.
2. Transformation - genetic change brought about by picking up naked strands of DNA and expressing it, and competence refers to the state of being able to take up DNA.
3. Conjugation (Bacterial) - is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through cell-to-cell contact.
What is the name of the bacteria that causes whooping cough?
Bordetella pertussis or B. parapertussis bacteria
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
It is the process by which DNA is transferred by a bacterium to another bacterial cell which is not its offspring. An artificial way of doing it is to transform bacteria with some DNA: researchers do it every day. Another way you probably heard about is the conjugation
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
Horizontal gene transfer occurs when genetic materials are transferred among bacteria using the three mechanisms: transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Contrast this with vertical gene transfer that is from parent to the offspring. In vertical gene transfer the whole genome is transferred as the bacteria divide themselves to give identical copies. While in horizontal gene transfer (lateral gene transfer) mostly only part of the genome is transferred or even only the F plasmid is transferred (F plasmid is separate entity from the bacterial genome and contains mostly only factors that enable its transfer, not the traits of the bacteria). These transferred segment may recombine with the genome inside other bacteria that receives it.
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
Horizontal gene transfer occurs when genetic materials are transferred among bacteria using the three mechanisms: transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Contrast this with vertical gene transfer that is from parent to the offspring. In vertical gene transfer the whole genome is transferred as the bacteria divide themselves to give identical copies. While in horizontal gene transfer (lateral gene transfer) mostly only part of the genome is transferred or even only the F plasmid is transferred (F plasmid is separate entity from the bacterial genome and contains mostly only factors that enable its transfer, not the traits of the bacteria). These transferred segment may recombine with the genome inside other bacteria that receives it.
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
Thanks for answering! ♥
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
it depends on what kind of virus or bacteria. some reproduce slow others are very fast... this goes for both bacteria and viruses
Reply:I'd say bacteria...a virus usually takes a few days to do it's thing.
Reply:I think bacteria as is it is a single celled organism but I couldn't be 100% sure.
Reply:It depends on the virus versus the bacteria their are strains of each that can reproduce very quickly their is not way to say one is always faster.
Reply:I'm fairly confident its a virus.
viruses are basically just a little capsule with the virus rna in it.
it attaches to your cell, which then in turn produces more of the virus, which attaches to more cells, etc.
yoga
What can reproduce more rapidly? A bacteria, or a virus?
it depends on what kind of virus or bacteria. some reproduce slow others are very fast... this goes for both bacteria and viruses
Reply:I'd say bacteria...a virus usually takes a few days to do it's thing.
Reply:I think bacteria as is it is a single celled organism but I couldn't be 100% sure.
Reply:It depends on the virus versus the bacteria their are strains of each that can reproduce very quickly their is not way to say one is always faster.
Reply:I'm fairly confident its a virus.
viruses are basically just a little capsule with the virus rna in it.
it attaches to your cell, which then in turn produces more of the virus, which attaches to more cells, etc.
yoga
Please help critique this article on bacteria found on the link below:?
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs...
Thanks for any help u can give
Please help critique this article on bacteria found on the link below:?
^ You can access to full article if you are lucky.
Anyway, I'm not a bactariologist, but I can comment on some generals.
The analysis and statistics is pretty poor. Surely they could have analysed the amount of bactaria on the bread via a slightly less subjective manner. They don't even say the people who rated the bread slices - to +++++ were blind to there treatment groups. But surely they could have done better than that as well. Also the statistics on the pH; they should have adjusted the alpha level for multiple comparisons. Finally they could have done non-parametric tests on the bactaria grade.
Reply:This isn't an article - it's an abstract. It's just a summary without knowing any of the details. If you need to critique a journal article for an assignment, you would need the entire paper (Intro, materials %26amp; methods, results, discussion, and conclusion).
ADDITION: I tried again, and still can't get the full article to open.
Thanks for any help u can give
Please help critique this article on bacteria found on the link below:?
^ You can access to full article if you are lucky.
Anyway, I'm not a bactariologist, but I can comment on some generals.
The analysis and statistics is pretty poor. Surely they could have analysed the amount of bactaria on the bread via a slightly less subjective manner. They don't even say the people who rated the bread slices - to +++++ were blind to there treatment groups. But surely they could have done better than that as well. Also the statistics on the pH; they should have adjusted the alpha level for multiple comparisons. Finally they could have done non-parametric tests on the bactaria grade.
Reply:This isn't an article - it's an abstract. It's just a summary without knowing any of the details. If you need to critique a journal article for an assignment, you would need the entire paper (Intro, materials %26amp; methods, results, discussion, and conclusion).
ADDITION: I tried again, and still can't get the full article to open.
How do u get rid of bacteria that causes acne?
because it looks like my brother is going to start to get acne
How do u get rid of bacteria that causes acne?
Skin experts and practitioners recommend several natural acne treatments. Here are some that we have compiled just for you.
* Wash your face twice a day (thrice at most) with gentle and unperfumed cleanser. Avoid using soaps as they contain harsh chemicals and ingredients that can damage your skin.
* Avoid touching your face. Stop putting your hands by your face! I am often guilty of this resting my hand on the side of my head while reading. Also rubbing or bracing your chin is another common problem when thinking. Avoid rubbing, touching, or scratching your skin with your hands. Your hands contain a lot of bacteria that can cause acne flare-ups. It is probably one of the most difficult things to avoid since much of the hand to face contact throughout the day we are unconscious of. Make it a habit to avoid hand contact and be conscious of it during the day to avoid bacteria.
* Avoid the temptation to pick, prick and squeeze your acne. This will send the infection deeper into the skin and can cause severe scarring.
* For mild to moderate acne, you can use over-the-counter topical ointments, solutions, lotions or gels that contain benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid or azelaic acid as an alternative to benzoyl peroxide. Benzoyl peroxide is best at killing P. acnes and may reduce oil production. Resorcinol, salicylic acid, and sulfur help break down blackheads and whiteheads. Salicylic acid also helps cut down the shedding of cells lining the follicles of the oil glands.
* Topical antibiotic solutions and lotions can also be applied.
* Tea tree oil is a natural antibiotic and antibacterial agent and has a drying effect on the skin. It keeps the P. Acnes bacteria at bay along with decreasing facial oiliness, which makes this oil a worthwhile investment.
* Sulfur helps to heal existing blemishes by unblocking pores.
* Alpha or Beta Hydroxy Acids (AHA or BHA) works by keeping the skin exfoliated. Glycolic acid, the most well known of the bunch is a useful adjuvant therapy for mild acne. Mandelic acid, a lesser known one, but one that combines the keratolytic properties of glycolic acid, with natural antibacterial properties that help reduce the presence of P. acnes, may be considered a more effective alpha hydroxy acid in treating acne lesions. It is also much less irritating than glycolic acid, a factor that may be very important to those with sensitive skin who are unable to use other agents such as Retin-A, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur, or salicylic acid. It is effective in treating mild cases of acne on its own, and can be used successfully with other therapies on moderate acne.
These treatments are usually effective for mild to moderate acne problems only. The effectiveness usually takes several weeks or approximately three to six months to be noticed. For more severe and serious acne conditions, do not hesitate to consult your dermatologist.
Reply:Wash, Wash, Wash. The biggest cause of acne is from not washing!
Reply:dont know pal sorry.
ivy
How do u get rid of bacteria that causes acne?
Skin experts and practitioners recommend several natural acne treatments. Here are some that we have compiled just for you.
* Wash your face twice a day (thrice at most) with gentle and unperfumed cleanser. Avoid using soaps as they contain harsh chemicals and ingredients that can damage your skin.
* Avoid touching your face. Stop putting your hands by your face! I am often guilty of this resting my hand on the side of my head while reading. Also rubbing or bracing your chin is another common problem when thinking. Avoid rubbing, touching, or scratching your skin with your hands. Your hands contain a lot of bacteria that can cause acne flare-ups. It is probably one of the most difficult things to avoid since much of the hand to face contact throughout the day we are unconscious of. Make it a habit to avoid hand contact and be conscious of it during the day to avoid bacteria.
* Avoid the temptation to pick, prick and squeeze your acne. This will send the infection deeper into the skin and can cause severe scarring.
* For mild to moderate acne, you can use over-the-counter topical ointments, solutions, lotions or gels that contain benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid or azelaic acid as an alternative to benzoyl peroxide. Benzoyl peroxide is best at killing P. acnes and may reduce oil production. Resorcinol, salicylic acid, and sulfur help break down blackheads and whiteheads. Salicylic acid also helps cut down the shedding of cells lining the follicles of the oil glands.
* Topical antibiotic solutions and lotions can also be applied.
* Tea tree oil is a natural antibiotic and antibacterial agent and has a drying effect on the skin. It keeps the P. Acnes bacteria at bay along with decreasing facial oiliness, which makes this oil a worthwhile investment.
* Sulfur helps to heal existing blemishes by unblocking pores.
* Alpha or Beta Hydroxy Acids (AHA or BHA) works by keeping the skin exfoliated. Glycolic acid, the most well known of the bunch is a useful adjuvant therapy for mild acne. Mandelic acid, a lesser known one, but one that combines the keratolytic properties of glycolic acid, with natural antibacterial properties that help reduce the presence of P. acnes, may be considered a more effective alpha hydroxy acid in treating acne lesions. It is also much less irritating than glycolic acid, a factor that may be very important to those with sensitive skin who are unable to use other agents such as Retin-A, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur, or salicylic acid. It is effective in treating mild cases of acne on its own, and can be used successfully with other therapies on moderate acne.
These treatments are usually effective for mild to moderate acne problems only. The effectiveness usually takes several weeks or approximately three to six months to be noticed. For more severe and serious acne conditions, do not hesitate to consult your dermatologist.
Reply:Wash, Wash, Wash. The biggest cause of acne is from not washing!
Reply:dont know pal sorry.
ivy
Is Bactrim effective against the enterococcus bacteria of a urinary tract infection?
Also, can Bactrim be used in a low dose form to prevent urinary tract infections? I am searching for the best way to prevent/control urinary tract infections in a post-menopausal woman.
Is Bactrim effective against the enterococcus bacteria of a urinary tract infection?
the best way to find what type of antibiotic is best for a UTI is to have a urinalysis with culture and sensitivity. the culture and sensitivity will tell which antibiotics are best for the strain of bug that is being grown. there are many types of enterococcus bacterias, and they may be suseptible to different antibiotics. therefore it is hard to say if bactrim is a good choice. levaquin is a good broad spectrum antibiotic that is used to treat a bunch of things, such as pneumonia, UTIs, etc...but it is a bad idea to remain on an antibiotic for a prolonged period of time as it kills the good bacteria that your body needs for things such as digestion.
i would wait until the UTI actually manifests itself, and then go to the doctor for a culture/sensitivity on the urine to make sure youre getting the right antibiotic for the right bug.
Reply:I found a website that may help u.
It is the Interstitial Cystitis Network
www.ic-network.com/forum/printthread.p...
Is Bactrim effective against the enterococcus bacteria of a urinary tract infection?
the best way to find what type of antibiotic is best for a UTI is to have a urinalysis with culture and sensitivity. the culture and sensitivity will tell which antibiotics are best for the strain of bug that is being grown. there are many types of enterococcus bacterias, and they may be suseptible to different antibiotics. therefore it is hard to say if bactrim is a good choice. levaquin is a good broad spectrum antibiotic that is used to treat a bunch of things, such as pneumonia, UTIs, etc...but it is a bad idea to remain on an antibiotic for a prolonged period of time as it kills the good bacteria that your body needs for things such as digestion.
i would wait until the UTI actually manifests itself, and then go to the doctor for a culture/sensitivity on the urine to make sure youre getting the right antibiotic for the right bug.
Reply:I found a website that may help u.
It is the Interstitial Cystitis Network
www.ic-network.com/forum/printthread.p...
Define : presence of pus cells and bacteria in urinalysis?
Their presence always indicates infection (pyelonephritis, urethratitis, uretitis, cystitis)
Define : presence of pus cells and bacteria in urinalysis?
means that patient is infected .
Define : presence of pus cells and bacteria in urinalysis?
means that patient is infected .
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
Drink your own urine.
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
I'm gonna need a source on that one. Report It
Reply:The person's immune system will often kill the bacteria. If not, then antibiotics are required.
Reply:101 Degree Water %26amp; Soap
Reply:Some bacteria are very important for humans, they help with digestion. There are relatively few bacteria that are harmful, and some of those are only harmful in certain places (for instance in the blood, instead of in the gut) or in sufficiently high concentration. Bacteria that cause infection can be killed with antibiotics such as penicillin, or simply by the body's natural defences, white blood cells.
Reply:Use some anti-bacterial soaps !!!
Reply:the best way is to eat plain yoghurt every 4-6 hours because it helps with the lining of your stomach and gets all you bugs in your stomach right.
How do you get rid of bacteria in people safely?
I'm gonna need a source on that one. Report It
Reply:The person's immune system will often kill the bacteria. If not, then antibiotics are required.
Reply:101 Degree Water %26amp; Soap
Reply:Some bacteria are very important for humans, they help with digestion. There are relatively few bacteria that are harmful, and some of those are only harmful in certain places (for instance in the blood, instead of in the gut) or in sufficiently high concentration. Bacteria that cause infection can be killed with antibiotics such as penicillin, or simply by the body's natural defences, white blood cells.
Reply:Use some anti-bacterial soaps !!!
Reply:the best way is to eat plain yoghurt every 4-6 hours because it helps with the lining of your stomach and gets all you bugs in your stomach right.
Waht is the scientific name of bacteria?
Scientists give each one an individual name, just like hurricanes. The one I'm looking at through my microscope right now is called Zzzzzwwwweeeedledeedum (they have name tags).
Waht is the scientific name of bacteria?
It would depend on which species of bacteria you were talking about.
Reply:bacteria itself is scientific enough.
Reply:lol which bacteria, there is lots of bacteria E. coli at ur intestine.
Reply:Thats like asking what is the scientific name of animals. There are millions (billions?) of different strains of bacteria. Each one of them has its own name. If you ask a more specific question, like "What is the bacteria found inside of humans?" or "What is the bacteria found in yogurt?" There is an answer for each of these.
fuchsia
Waht is the scientific name of bacteria?
It would depend on which species of bacteria you were talking about.
Reply:bacteria itself is scientific enough.
Reply:lol which bacteria, there is lots of bacteria E. coli at ur intestine.
Reply:Thats like asking what is the scientific name of animals. There are millions (billions?) of different strains of bacteria. Each one of them has its own name. If you ask a more specific question, like "What is the bacteria found inside of humans?" or "What is the bacteria found in yogurt?" There is an answer for each of these.
fuchsia
Does your body produce more good bacteria after or while taking antibiotics?
If possible, please also list sources.
Does your body produce more good bacteria after or while taking antibiotics?
It will--but it takes time to replenish the good bacteria. That's the only bad thing about antibiotics--they kill off ALL bacteria...good and bad. That's why you need to eat yogurt while you are on antibiotics. It will replace it faster and keep you from getting a yeast infection. You should eat it for a few days after you finish the medication, too.
Reply:Your body doesn't produce ANY bacteria.
Good bacteria colonies have to be acquired from day-to-day sources: food, contact with other people, water, yogurt. They will grow back on their own unless your body chemistry is off.
Some antibiotics work too well and kill off beneficial and bad bacteria. Some are more focused on harmful bacteria.
Reply:After awhile yes but, it is a good idea to eat yogurt as this helps produce it. Also vitamin K which is produced in the intestine with the interaction of the bacteria is increased with yogurt consumption too. vitamin K is essential for your blood clotting.
Does your body produce more good bacteria after or while taking antibiotics?
It will--but it takes time to replenish the good bacteria. That's the only bad thing about antibiotics--they kill off ALL bacteria...good and bad. That's why you need to eat yogurt while you are on antibiotics. It will replace it faster and keep you from getting a yeast infection. You should eat it for a few days after you finish the medication, too.
Reply:Your body doesn't produce ANY bacteria.
Good bacteria colonies have to be acquired from day-to-day sources: food, contact with other people, water, yogurt. They will grow back on their own unless your body chemistry is off.
Some antibiotics work too well and kill off beneficial and bad bacteria. Some are more focused on harmful bacteria.
Reply:After awhile yes but, it is a good idea to eat yogurt as this helps produce it. Also vitamin K which is produced in the intestine with the interaction of the bacteria is increased with yogurt consumption too. vitamin K is essential for your blood clotting.
Can you guys agree with super bacteria in Iraq could kill US people?
Since OPERATION Iraqi Freedom began in 2003, more than 700 US soldiers have been infected or colonized with Acinetobacter baumannii. A significant number of additional cases have been found in the Canadian and British armed forces, and among wounded Iraqi civilians.
Behind the scenes, the spread of a pathogen that targets wounded GIs has triggered broad reforms in both combat medical care and the Pentagon's networks for tracking bacterial threats within the ranks. Interviews with current and former military physicians, recent articles in medical journals, and internal reports reveal that the Department of Defense has been waging a secret war within the larger mission in Iraq and Afghanistan - a war against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Can you guys agree with super bacteria in Iraq could kill US people?
I fear you have posted too intelligent of a discussion on Yahoo Answers.
Only time will tell.
Bringing home a disease from a Third World country is always a risk you take, regardless of if you're a combatant coming home from war, or a citizen returning from vacation. The body has to build a tolerance and our clean standards make us vulnerable to such diseases.
Could it kill US people? Sure. Could we find a cure? Maybe. Will it be an epidemic, I don't think so.
Thanks for bringing up the discussion, tho. :)
Reply:Bacterial infections kill Americans every year. Tell us something we don't know.
Reply:Your better off worrying about bird flu and AIDS.
Reply:Yes of course I agree an the sad thing is we the American people cant stop it from coming! There is so much crap now that soap and Clorox will not kill it is scary! People have over used the medicines that would kill bacteria that it would not do any good to try the common meds like amoxil or penicillin. It truly is sad!
Reply:You guys? East coast right?
Biological warfare is alive and well.
The entire planet could eventually succumb to deadly pathogens.
Sadly maybe that will be the only way we can achieve world peace.
Humans are the destructive force on planet earth.
All else follow the dictates of nature.
Have you ever known of any other earth species developing weaponry for mass murder?
Behind the scenes, the spread of a pathogen that targets wounded GIs has triggered broad reforms in both combat medical care and the Pentagon's networks for tracking bacterial threats within the ranks. Interviews with current and former military physicians, recent articles in medical journals, and internal reports reveal that the Department of Defense has been waging a secret war within the larger mission in Iraq and Afghanistan - a war against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Can you guys agree with super bacteria in Iraq could kill US people?
I fear you have posted too intelligent of a discussion on Yahoo Answers.
Only time will tell.
Bringing home a disease from a Third World country is always a risk you take, regardless of if you're a combatant coming home from war, or a citizen returning from vacation. The body has to build a tolerance and our clean standards make us vulnerable to such diseases.
Could it kill US people? Sure. Could we find a cure? Maybe. Will it be an epidemic, I don't think so.
Thanks for bringing up the discussion, tho. :)
Reply:Bacterial infections kill Americans every year. Tell us something we don't know.
Reply:Your better off worrying about bird flu and AIDS.
Reply:Yes of course I agree an the sad thing is we the American people cant stop it from coming! There is so much crap now that soap and Clorox will not kill it is scary! People have over used the medicines that would kill bacteria that it would not do any good to try the common meds like amoxil or penicillin. It truly is sad!
Reply:You guys? East coast right?
Biological warfare is alive and well.
The entire planet could eventually succumb to deadly pathogens.
Sadly maybe that will be the only way we can achieve world peace.
Humans are the destructive force on planet earth.
All else follow the dictates of nature.
Have you ever known of any other earth species developing weaponry for mass murder?
What's the difference bewtween virus, bacteria and fungi?
=D
What's the difference bewtween virus, bacteria and fungi?
Virus is very tiny - tinyer than bacteria and fungi. eg:Influenza
Bacteria. Nucleus is not fully developed. eg:E.Coli
Fungi. it includes mushrooms and yeasts. eg:Amanit muscaria
Reply:A virus isn't a cell, a bacterium is a eukaryotic cell, andf a fungus is a prokaryotic cell.
Reply:viruses aren't technically living, are the smallest, need living cells to reproduce in, are only made up of a protein coat and nuclear material.
Bacteria are med in size, are living, have 3 main shapes, rod (bacillus), spheres (cocci) and spirals. "Eat"by extracellular digestion. dont have a nucleus
Fungi are the biggest and are usually multicellular, feed like bacteria, have sexual reproduction more and produce "fruiting bodies" and spores, have chitin in their cells, have nucleus
Reply:the virus is a dead little shiit, the bacteria is a one celled little shiit, and fungi, is a little decomposer shiit,
A+ Bio H student
Reply:VIRUSES are particles composed of an internal core containing either DNA or RNA ((but not both)) covered by a protective coat. Approx dia 0.02 to 0.2 micro meter.Some viruses have an outer lipoprotein membrane called an envelope, external to coat. They do not have a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, or ribosomes. They must replicate within cells, because they cannot generate energy or synthesize proteins. Viruses replicate differently - in short the events occuring are:-
1. early events - attachment, penetration, %26amp; uncoating
2. middle events - gene expression %26amp; genome replication
3. late events - assembly %26amp; release
They can replicate to produce hundreds of progeny viruses. Are non-motile
FUNGI are eukaryotic organisms. Approx dia - 3 to 10 micro meter. The fungal cell membrane contains ergosterol %26amp; cell wall contains chitin. The nucleic acid have both DNA %26amp; RNA. There are 2 types - Yeast ((grow as single cells))%26amp; Molds ((grow as long filaments)). All fungi require a preformed organic source of carbon - association with organic matter. Thus natural habitate is "environment" - {{except Candida albicans - part of normal human flora}}
Reproduction - yeast by budding %26amp; molds by mitosis - spore formation, fragmentation of the ends of hyphae. Fungi are non-motile.
Important property - thermally dimorphic - forms diferent structures at differents temperatures.
BACTERIA are prokaryotic organisms - Absence of organelles like mitochondria %26amp; lysosomes. Approx dia - 1 to 5 micro meter. The cells have nucleoid ((single circular molecule of loosely organized DNA lacking a nuclear membrane %26amp; mitotic apparatus)) surrounded by cytoplasm, within which proteins are synthesized ((due to RNA)) %26amp; energy is generated. They have a rigid cell wall containing Peptidoglycan.
Replicate by binary fission. some bacterias are motile.
What's the difference bewtween virus, bacteria and fungi?
Virus is very tiny - tinyer than bacteria and fungi. eg:Influenza
Bacteria. Nucleus is not fully developed. eg:E.Coli
Fungi. it includes mushrooms and yeasts. eg:Amanit muscaria
Reply:A virus isn't a cell, a bacterium is a eukaryotic cell, andf a fungus is a prokaryotic cell.
Reply:viruses aren't technically living, are the smallest, need living cells to reproduce in, are only made up of a protein coat and nuclear material.
Bacteria are med in size, are living, have 3 main shapes, rod (bacillus), spheres (cocci) and spirals. "Eat"by extracellular digestion. dont have a nucleus
Fungi are the biggest and are usually multicellular, feed like bacteria, have sexual reproduction more and produce "fruiting bodies" and spores, have chitin in their cells, have nucleus
Reply:the virus is a dead little shiit, the bacteria is a one celled little shiit, and fungi, is a little decomposer shiit,
A+ Bio H student
Reply:VIRUSES are particles composed of an internal core containing either DNA or RNA ((but not both)) covered by a protective coat. Approx dia 0.02 to 0.2 micro meter.Some viruses have an outer lipoprotein membrane called an envelope, external to coat. They do not have a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, or ribosomes. They must replicate within cells, because they cannot generate energy or synthesize proteins. Viruses replicate differently - in short the events occuring are:-
1. early events - attachment, penetration, %26amp; uncoating
2. middle events - gene expression %26amp; genome replication
3. late events - assembly %26amp; release
They can replicate to produce hundreds of progeny viruses. Are non-motile
FUNGI are eukaryotic organisms. Approx dia - 3 to 10 micro meter. The fungal cell membrane contains ergosterol %26amp; cell wall contains chitin. The nucleic acid have both DNA %26amp; RNA. There are 2 types - Yeast ((grow as single cells))%26amp; Molds ((grow as long filaments)). All fungi require a preformed organic source of carbon - association with organic matter. Thus natural habitate is "environment" - {{except Candida albicans - part of normal human flora}}
Reproduction - yeast by budding %26amp; molds by mitosis - spore formation, fragmentation of the ends of hyphae. Fungi are non-motile.
Important property - thermally dimorphic - forms diferent structures at differents temperatures.
BACTERIA are prokaryotic organisms - Absence of organelles like mitochondria %26amp; lysosomes. Approx dia - 1 to 5 micro meter. The cells have nucleoid ((single circular molecule of loosely organized DNA lacking a nuclear membrane %26amp; mitotic apparatus)) surrounded by cytoplasm, within which proteins are synthesized ((due to RNA)) %26amp; energy is generated. They have a rigid cell wall containing Peptidoglycan.
Replicate by binary fission. some bacterias are motile.
Should one be concerned to find bacteria on the skin? how about molds? explain?
one should be concerned if it is something that 'shouldnt' be there.
humans carry around good and bad bacteria all the time dear. its part of life and the nature of things.
shouldnt have any molds on you....i think this goes into a very bad disease.. ..in the lungs or the skin it could be detrimental
paper bush
humans carry around good and bad bacteria all the time dear. its part of life and the nature of things.
shouldnt have any molds on you....i think this goes into a very bad disease.. ..in the lungs or the skin it could be detrimental
paper bush
Friday, July 23, 2010
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
It is the process by which DNA is transferred by a bacterium to another bacterial cell which is not its offspring. An artificial way of doing it is to transform bacteria with some DNA: researchers do it every day. Another way you probably heard about is the conjugation
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
Horizontal gene transfer occurs when genetic materials are transferred among bacteria using the three mechanisms: transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Contrast this with vertical gene transfer that is from parent to the offspring. In vertical gene transfer the whole genome is transferred as the bacteria divide themselves to give identical copies. While in horizontal gene transfer (lateral gene transfer) mostly only part of the genome is transferred or even only the F plasmid is transferred (F plasmid is separate entity from the bacterial genome and contains mostly only factors that enable its transfer, not the traits of the bacteria). These transferred segment may recombine with the genome inside other bacteria that receives it.
What is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?
Horizontal gene transfer occurs when genetic materials are transferred among bacteria using the three mechanisms: transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Contrast this with vertical gene transfer that is from parent to the offspring. In vertical gene transfer the whole genome is transferred as the bacteria divide themselves to give identical copies. While in horizontal gene transfer (lateral gene transfer) mostly only part of the genome is transferred or even only the F plasmid is transferred (F plasmid is separate entity from the bacterial genome and contains mostly only factors that enable its transfer, not the traits of the bacteria). These transferred segment may recombine with the genome inside other bacteria that receives it.
What would be the consequences if bacteria from Earth reached another planet during space exploration?
More than one exo-biologist has maintained that life on earth may have originated from microbes that hitched a ride on meteors. It is quite likely therefore that if microbes from earth reached another planet as a result of some form of contamination, they could multiply and create new life on that planet as well.
If there were already native life forms on that planet, the effect could be utterly disastrous.
What would be the consequences if bacteria from Earth reached another planet during space exploration?
We don't have enough information to know. We can only suppose that the effects could be drastic.
Reply:I suppose the bacteria would all die for lack of food or radiation, and that would be a real shame because some bacteria are good bacteria.
Reply:There are so vast a percentage of planets unlike our own that bacteria is not going to remain viable. There is so small a chance that bacteria would ever get to one that it could live on.... please don't stay up late worrying.
Reply:Hopefully not another Earth...
Reply:nothing probably.....................
Reply:mosf of dem myt definateli die..bt if survived thn myt lead 2 further evolution, wich myt not require the same basic factorz 2 survive as we do. they myt also create different species(smthn beyond our imagination)!! itz a whole new mystery wht it myt do
Reply:prolly nothing,but it depends on the condition of the planet,to cold the bacteria would freez death,to hot,not good either,alot of things involved for bacteria to expand or grow.
like the enviroment on earth is kind of ideal for bacteria.
why do you think we have so many here..lol
Reply:watch the movie war of the worlds with tom cruise and that will show the effects of bacteria on a race outside of this world. Granted, it is just a movie, but kinda shows you how it could have a massive impact!
Reply:specie evolve becaz of radiation and acorrding to most scientists the radiation can only worsen the evolution that mean it has a negative impact in shorts either they will die of they will become mutated because of immence amount of radiation than die but theyll die surly
my father is a scientist he told me
Reply:The main consequence is it would contaminate the pristine environment we were studying, including searching for life on. We want to be sure any life we find is native, thereby answering one of the biggest questions out there.
Reply:Bacteria wud die because conditions for sex is nt ideal in other planet.
Reply:If the environment were suitable they would reproduce; if not, they would die.
Reply:They would probably die because they are used to live in an earthly enviroment (with plenty of water and oxygen).
If there would be transmutations and they survive in about 3.5 million years there would be life or somethin like it on that planet.
That would be a great experiment for the study of evolution and a very dangerous one!
If there were already native life forms on that planet, the effect could be utterly disastrous.
What would be the consequences if bacteria from Earth reached another planet during space exploration?
We don't have enough information to know. We can only suppose that the effects could be drastic.
Reply:I suppose the bacteria would all die for lack of food or radiation, and that would be a real shame because some bacteria are good bacteria.
Reply:There are so vast a percentage of planets unlike our own that bacteria is not going to remain viable. There is so small a chance that bacteria would ever get to one that it could live on.... please don't stay up late worrying.
Reply:Hopefully not another Earth...
Reply:nothing probably.....................
Reply:mosf of dem myt definateli die..bt if survived thn myt lead 2 further evolution, wich myt not require the same basic factorz 2 survive as we do. they myt also create different species(smthn beyond our imagination)!! itz a whole new mystery wht it myt do
Reply:prolly nothing,but it depends on the condition of the planet,to cold the bacteria would freez death,to hot,not good either,alot of things involved for bacteria to expand or grow.
like the enviroment on earth is kind of ideal for bacteria.
why do you think we have so many here..lol
Reply:watch the movie war of the worlds with tom cruise and that will show the effects of bacteria on a race outside of this world. Granted, it is just a movie, but kinda shows you how it could have a massive impact!
Reply:specie evolve becaz of radiation and acorrding to most scientists the radiation can only worsen the evolution that mean it has a negative impact in shorts either they will die of they will become mutated because of immence amount of radiation than die but theyll die surly
my father is a scientist he told me
Reply:The main consequence is it would contaminate the pristine environment we were studying, including searching for life on. We want to be sure any life we find is native, thereby answering one of the biggest questions out there.
Reply:Bacteria wud die because conditions for sex is nt ideal in other planet.
Reply:If the environment were suitable they would reproduce; if not, they would die.
Reply:They would probably die because they are used to live in an earthly enviroment (with plenty of water and oxygen).
If there would be transmutations and they survive in about 3.5 million years there would be life or somethin like it on that planet.
That would be a great experiment for the study of evolution and a very dangerous one!
Can antibodies fight both viruses and bacteria?
Yes. -
"Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins) are Y-shaped proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates, and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. "
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibodies
Can antibodies fight both viruses and bacteria?
yes antibodies produced by the body can, but antibiotics prescribed by a doctor are only useful against bacteria.
Reply:An antibody is formed when any foreign substance is introduced to your body. Therefore, and antibody can fight off both viruses and bacteria.
"Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins) are Y-shaped proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates, and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. "
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibodies
Can antibodies fight both viruses and bacteria?
yes antibodies produced by the body can, but antibiotics prescribed by a doctor are only useful against bacteria.
Reply:An antibody is formed when any foreign substance is introduced to your body. Therefore, and antibody can fight off both viruses and bacteria.
How does Tea tree oil kill bacteria?
i don't know but a found a website which might help you out!
part of it says
Its solvent nature allows it to penetrate into skin layers, even reaching inaccessible sites such as the fingernails and toenails
How does Tea tree oil kill bacteria?
From the website at the Powerhouse Museum of Sydney Australia...
"Before registering a health-care antiseptic, the Food and Drug Administration of the USA requires a list of all the organisms that are killed by the antiseptic. Riley's team designed experiments to test the susceptibility of organisms to tea tree oil. They aimed to identify the minimum concentrations of oil that would inhibit growth or kill particular micro-organisms. They tested many micro-organisms including:
* Escherichia coli, which causes gastroenteritis
* Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a penicillin-resistant bacterium that infects wounds, burns, and the urinary and respiratory tracts
* Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (Golden staph), a major cause of hospital-acquired infections
* Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species, which cause skin infections including impetigo
* Propionibacterium acnes, which plays a role in acne
* Candida albicans, a fungus that causes thrush infections.
The team grew the organisms in several warm broths containing varying concentrations of tea tree oil for 24 hours. They found that the growth of most of the organisms was inhibited at an oil concentration of 0.25%v/v (volume/volume, ie 0.25ml of tea tree oil added to 99.75ml of broth). Most of the organisms died at 0.50% while an oil concentration of 3.0% was needed to kill the penicillin-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All of these findings have been published in international journals. "
Also, effective against a myriad of infections, oral and dental problems, and skin conditions you can read more about it at the Tea Tree wonders website.
daphne
part of it says
Its solvent nature allows it to penetrate into skin layers, even reaching inaccessible sites such as the fingernails and toenails
How does Tea tree oil kill bacteria?
From the website at the Powerhouse Museum of Sydney Australia...
"Before registering a health-care antiseptic, the Food and Drug Administration of the USA requires a list of all the organisms that are killed by the antiseptic. Riley's team designed experiments to test the susceptibility of organisms to tea tree oil. They aimed to identify the minimum concentrations of oil that would inhibit growth or kill particular micro-organisms. They tested many micro-organisms including:
* Escherichia coli, which causes gastroenteritis
* Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a penicillin-resistant bacterium that infects wounds, burns, and the urinary and respiratory tracts
* Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (Golden staph), a major cause of hospital-acquired infections
* Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species, which cause skin infections including impetigo
* Propionibacterium acnes, which plays a role in acne
* Candida albicans, a fungus that causes thrush infections.
The team grew the organisms in several warm broths containing varying concentrations of tea tree oil for 24 hours. They found that the growth of most of the organisms was inhibited at an oil concentration of 0.25%v/v (volume/volume, ie 0.25ml of tea tree oil added to 99.75ml of broth). Most of the organisms died at 0.50% while an oil concentration of 3.0% was needed to kill the penicillin-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All of these findings have been published in international journals. "
Also, effective against a myriad of infections, oral and dental problems, and skin conditions you can read more about it at the Tea Tree wonders website.
daphne
What effect does chloroform have on bacteria? On viruses?
Chloroform denatures proteins. When mixed with other chemicals (such as phenol) it is used for RNA and DNA extractions.
A large amount of chlorform will kill a bacteria by denaturing its proteins, It will probably also denature the protein coat of a virus. It will leave the DNA intact, however.
A large amount of chlorform will kill a bacteria by denaturing its proteins, It will probably also denature the protein coat of a virus. It will leave the DNA intact, however.
Explain how the activities of some bacteria form a part of both the carbon and nitrogen cycles.?
carbon cycle
as consumer and decay organic C to inorg.
provide food for others, i.e org. to org. e.g that in stomach of cox
as others' food
some autotrphic bacteria make CO2 to become organic
N cycle
fix N
turn N to forms that can be absorbed ultilized by plant
release N from organic part
Explain how the activities of some bacteria form a part of both the carbon and nitrogen cycles.?
Bacteria decompose dead plants and animals into simple compound and elements like Nitrogen and CO2. They also put nitrogen into the food chain by 'fixing' it in leguminous plants.
as consumer and decay organic C to inorg.
provide food for others, i.e org. to org. e.g that in stomach of cox
as others' food
some autotrphic bacteria make CO2 to become organic
N cycle
fix N
turn N to forms that can be absorbed ultilized by plant
release N from organic part
Explain how the activities of some bacteria form a part of both the carbon and nitrogen cycles.?
Bacteria decompose dead plants and animals into simple compound and elements like Nitrogen and CO2. They also put nitrogen into the food chain by 'fixing' it in leguminous plants.
Mention five names of gram negative bacteria?
gram negative bacilli or cocci.....its ok just five......
*___________*
Mention five names of gram negative bacteria?
The proteobacteria are a major group of Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and other Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Helicobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Bdellovibrio, acetic acid bacteria, Legionella and alpha-proteobacteria as Wolbachia and many others. Other notable groups of Gram-negative bacteria include the cyanobacteria, spirochaetes, green sulfur and green non-sulfur bacteria. Crenarchaeota: Unique because most bacteria have gram-positive molecules in their capsules, it has gram-negative.
Medically relevant Gram-negative cocci include three organisms, which cause a sexually transmitted disease (Neisseria gonorrhoeae), a meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms (Moraxella catarrhalis).
Medically relevant Gram-negative bacilli include a multitude of species. Some of them primarily cause respiratory problems (Hemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), primarily urinary problems (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens), and primarily gastrointestinal problems (Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi).
Gram negative bacteria associated with nosocomial infections include Acinetobacter baumanii, which cause bacteremia, secondary meningitis, and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units of hospital establishments.
Reply:Eschericia coli, Yersinia pestis (plague), Francisella tularensis (rabbit fever), Pasturella multicida (cat scratch fever), and Streptoacillus moniliformis (Haverhill or "rat bite" fever)... I can go on.
camellia
*___________*
Mention five names of gram negative bacteria?
The proteobacteria are a major group of Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and other Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Helicobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Bdellovibrio, acetic acid bacteria, Legionella and alpha-proteobacteria as Wolbachia and many others. Other notable groups of Gram-negative bacteria include the cyanobacteria, spirochaetes, green sulfur and green non-sulfur bacteria. Crenarchaeota: Unique because most bacteria have gram-positive molecules in their capsules, it has gram-negative.
Medically relevant Gram-negative cocci include three organisms, which cause a sexually transmitted disease (Neisseria gonorrhoeae), a meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis), and respiratory symptoms (Moraxella catarrhalis).
Medically relevant Gram-negative bacilli include a multitude of species. Some of them primarily cause respiratory problems (Hemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), primarily urinary problems (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens), and primarily gastrointestinal problems (Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi).
Gram negative bacteria associated with nosocomial infections include Acinetobacter baumanii, which cause bacteremia, secondary meningitis, and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units of hospital establishments.
Reply:Eschericia coli, Yersinia pestis (plague), Francisella tularensis (rabbit fever), Pasturella multicida (cat scratch fever), and Streptoacillus moniliformis (Haverhill or "rat bite" fever)... I can go on.
camellia
What physical properties make biofilm-forming bacteria difficult to treat in a clinical environment?
carpets, fuzzy chairs, they carry more bacterial and allergies
They need Fabree Bacterial sprays.
They need Fabree Bacterial sprays.
Exactly, how does penicillin kill the bacteria?
Please explain in PLAIN english
Exactly, how does penicillin kill the bacteria?
It breaks down the cell wall of the bacteria.
Reply:I'm allergic... it would kill ME.
Reply:It weakens the cell wall when the bacteria multiples.
Reply:It uses a 45 magnum.
Reply:Penicillin is made from fungi...
Have you ever been to the woods and seen mushrooms grow in circles and no other plants growing inside that circle?
Thats how penicillin works, it creates a deadly environment so the bacteria cant grow.
It was discoverd "accidenrially", the guy who invented penicillin went on vacation, he left his culture plates unwashed. When he came back a few weeks later, he noticed that something had "grown" on one of the culture plates. It was mould, and the bacteria were not growing around it!
Reply:Interferes with cell wall synthesis
Reply:It's great stuff that many are unfortunately allergic to. I'm allergic to a lot, but oddly not penicillin.
It works by inhibiting the formation of peptidoglycan cross links in the bacterial cell wall. The β-lactam moiety of penicillin binds to the enzyme (transpeptidase) that links the peptidoglycan molecules in bacteria, and this weakens the cell wall of the bacterium when it multiplies (in other words, the antibiotic causes cell cytolysis or death when the bacterium tries to divide).
It breaks down the components of the bacteria %26amp; attacks it that way. Details on this link:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin
Reply:Bacteria have a cell wall, unlike humans. They need it for structure and stability, we have a huge network of proteins outside of the cells that does this instead.
Penicillin prevents that cell wall from forming correctly. If the cell wall is not formed correctly the bacteria cannot survive. It will only affect growing bacteria, so it would not be good for slow growing bacteria.
Some strains of bacteria are resistant because they make a protein that breaks down penicillin.
Reply:Penicillin kills bacteria by disrupting cell wall synthesis. It does not break down the cell wall, it only inhibits the synthesis of it. Therefore, when bacteria replicates and makes a new cell wall that's when penicillin does it job. This is why some bacteria are not affected by penicillin, because they might not be in log phase (growth period) and no cell wall synthesis.
If you don't know this, bacteria (unlike animal cells) have a cell wall. If it is not intact, bacteria can still survive but not in all environments. For example, if bacteria are placed in a hypotonic (less solute concentration) environment, then water will come into the bacterial cells (because water flows from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration) and the bacteria will lyse. Having a cell wall intact prevents this most of the time.
Reply:It kills the cell wall of the bacteria.
Did u no it is made out blue mold
Exactly, how does penicillin kill the bacteria?
It breaks down the cell wall of the bacteria.
Reply:I'm allergic... it would kill ME.
Reply:It weakens the cell wall when the bacteria multiples.
Reply:It uses a 45 magnum.
Reply:Penicillin is made from fungi...
Have you ever been to the woods and seen mushrooms grow in circles and no other plants growing inside that circle?
Thats how penicillin works, it creates a deadly environment so the bacteria cant grow.
It was discoverd "accidenrially", the guy who invented penicillin went on vacation, he left his culture plates unwashed. When he came back a few weeks later, he noticed that something had "grown" on one of the culture plates. It was mould, and the bacteria were not growing around it!
Reply:Interferes with cell wall synthesis
Reply:It's great stuff that many are unfortunately allergic to. I'm allergic to a lot, but oddly not penicillin.
It works by inhibiting the formation of peptidoglycan cross links in the bacterial cell wall. The β-lactam moiety of penicillin binds to the enzyme (transpeptidase) that links the peptidoglycan molecules in bacteria, and this weakens the cell wall of the bacterium when it multiplies (in other words, the antibiotic causes cell cytolysis or death when the bacterium tries to divide).
It breaks down the components of the bacteria %26amp; attacks it that way. Details on this link:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin
Reply:Bacteria have a cell wall, unlike humans. They need it for structure and stability, we have a huge network of proteins outside of the cells that does this instead.
Penicillin prevents that cell wall from forming correctly. If the cell wall is not formed correctly the bacteria cannot survive. It will only affect growing bacteria, so it would not be good for slow growing bacteria.
Some strains of bacteria are resistant because they make a protein that breaks down penicillin.
Reply:Penicillin kills bacteria by disrupting cell wall synthesis. It does not break down the cell wall, it only inhibits the synthesis of it. Therefore, when bacteria replicates and makes a new cell wall that's when penicillin does it job. This is why some bacteria are not affected by penicillin, because they might not be in log phase (growth period) and no cell wall synthesis.
If you don't know this, bacteria (unlike animal cells) have a cell wall. If it is not intact, bacteria can still survive but not in all environments. For example, if bacteria are placed in a hypotonic (less solute concentration) environment, then water will come into the bacterial cells (because water flows from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration) and the bacteria will lyse. Having a cell wall intact prevents this most of the time.
Reply:It kills the cell wall of the bacteria.
Did u no it is made out blue mold
If clouds are made of dirt, bacteria, and other stuff...than why do they look white, clean and fluffy?
Clouds are not composed of water vapour, they are composed of minute water droplets and/or ice crystals. Water vapour is the gaseous state of water and is invisible - just as nitrogen and oxygen are invisilble. The water droplets are very small - about a million are required to make a raindrop. Each droplet has a condensation nucleus - a minute particle of dust or salt - but most of it is water.
The water droplets scatter the white light from the sun just as a bowl of sugar or a field of snow does so the cloud appears white even though the individual droplets in it are transparent.
If clouds are made of dirt, bacteria, and other stuff...than why do they look white, clean and fluffy?
They aren't. They're made of water vapor.
Reply:Who told you that, clouds are water vapour and ice.
Reply:ice crystals it's very cold up there
Reply:Clouds are only made up of water vapor and dust particles. They have no color. They look white because sunlight is reflected by the water vapor.
Reply:because clouds are made up of billions of ice crystals.
Reply:Hmmm, recheck your facts.
Reply:becuase when you look at a cloud you see the water vapor, hence if there is any dust, bacteria, ect... you wouldnt to see anything but "white" becuase a cloud is nothing more than water vapor, and to go further there wouldnt be any dust or bacteria in a could becuase it is not a sponge just air and water thats all.
Reply:Actually, compared to the air down here on Earth, clouds ARE nice %26amp; clean! Clouds are like 99.999% -moisture... -so they ARE pretty clean. AND they have the ABILITY to clean the air- by washing out the polution in the air- by making the rain that cleans it up. So when Nature makes a "shower", you can thank those fluffy white clouds for washing out the gunk that WE put into the air!
The water droplets scatter the white light from the sun just as a bowl of sugar or a field of snow does so the cloud appears white even though the individual droplets in it are transparent.
If clouds are made of dirt, bacteria, and other stuff...than why do they look white, clean and fluffy?
They aren't. They're made of water vapor.
Reply:Who told you that, clouds are water vapour and ice.
Reply:ice crystals it's very cold up there
Reply:Clouds are only made up of water vapor and dust particles. They have no color. They look white because sunlight is reflected by the water vapor.
Reply:because clouds are made up of billions of ice crystals.
Reply:Hmmm, recheck your facts.
Reply:becuase when you look at a cloud you see the water vapor, hence if there is any dust, bacteria, ect... you wouldnt to see anything but "white" becuase a cloud is nothing more than water vapor, and to go further there wouldnt be any dust or bacteria in a could becuase it is not a sponge just air and water thats all.
Reply:Actually, compared to the air down here on Earth, clouds ARE nice %26amp; clean! Clouds are like 99.999% -moisture... -so they ARE pretty clean. AND they have the ABILITY to clean the air- by washing out the polution in the air- by making the rain that cleans it up. So when Nature makes a "shower", you can thank those fluffy white clouds for washing out the gunk that WE put into the air!
Why did heat kill the S bacteria in Griffiths experiments? Explain.?
details plz~ thanks!
Why did heat kill the S bacteria in Griffiths experiments? Explain.?
The main reason was that the S bacteria cannot form endospore. The reason the R died was because it could not defeat the immune system.
Reply:Major reason is that high heat denatures proteins, and, since most critical enzymes are proteins, once the enzymes don't work, life cannot exist.
Also, if heated high enough (such as an autoclave) water will boil, and since all organisms (except spores) contain water, they get "cooked"
lady slipper
Why did heat kill the S bacteria in Griffiths experiments? Explain.?
The main reason was that the S bacteria cannot form endospore. The reason the R died was because it could not defeat the immune system.
Reply:Major reason is that high heat denatures proteins, and, since most critical enzymes are proteins, once the enzymes don't work, life cannot exist.
Also, if heated high enough (such as an autoclave) water will boil, and since all organisms (except spores) contain water, they get "cooked"
lady slipper
Its been 4days I aded bio bacteria, established spong filter,2fish to my new fresh water tank nh3+4/no2 =0?
Im testing every 6 hours , no water change ,feeding the fish 4 times a day , medicated the fish incase if their is any diseas with general aid, added 2 extra sponge filter with air pump.
Its been 4days I aded bio bacteria, established spong filter,2fish to my new fresh water tank nh3+4/no2 =0?
Test again on day 7 (testing every 6hrs is unecessary). If anything, you should be getting nitrate readings. If you're not already using a liquid test kit, double check your readings with those (as opposed to the test strips which can be inaccurate). Additionally, check the expiration date of the test kit, they cease to be accurate after a certain point.
In a fair sized tank, it may take a while for nitrates to register (especially in a large tank).
Its been 4days I aded bio bacteria, established spong filter,2fish to my new fresh water tank nh3+4/no2 =0?
Test again on day 7 (testing every 6hrs is unecessary). If anything, you should be getting nitrate readings. If you're not already using a liquid test kit, double check your readings with those (as opposed to the test strips which can be inaccurate). Additionally, check the expiration date of the test kit, they cease to be accurate after a certain point.
In a fair sized tank, it may take a while for nitrates to register (especially in a large tank).
What foods can you grow with bacteria?
wine, anything with yeast (bread, pizza dough), beer...!
What foods can you grow with bacteria?
Dairy Products
Sauerkraut
Chocolate and Coffee
Vinegar
Sausage
Reply:flours or bread
Reply:Wine, beer and bread dough are made with yeast, which are microscopic plants. Bacteria are microscopic animals. We use bacteria to ferment milk products to make cheese and yoghurt. There's no such thing as 'fronteria', and Santeria is a voodoo-related Carribbean religion. .
Reply:yeast
What foods can you grow with bacteria?
Dairy Products
Sauerkraut
Chocolate and Coffee
Vinegar
Sausage
Reply:flours or bread
Reply:Wine, beer and bread dough are made with yeast, which are microscopic plants. Bacteria are microscopic animals. We use bacteria to ferment milk products to make cheese and yoghurt. There's no such thing as 'fronteria', and Santeria is a voodoo-related Carribbean religion. .
Reply:yeast
What effect would a rod-shaped bacteria have on a bee?
I need this for a question I am answering and need it ASAP. I am so confused! What would it do to a Bee?
Would it help or hurt?
What effect would a rod-shaped bacteria have on a bee?
"Bacillus - Singular for a rod-shaped bacterium (plural, bacilli). There is Bacillis sphaericus (gram positive) that is important for a bee's digestion and immune system. Then again, there is another gram positive bacillus known as Paenibacillus larvae. Paenibacillus can seriously weaken and finally destroy an entire colony of honey bees. What's worse, is that when a bee colony is in this weakened state, their defenses against neighboring robber bees is low. These robber bees from nearby colonies will take the infected honey back to their own colonies and start the whole vicious cycle all over again--causing widespread destruction of the bee poulation. Too, beekeepers can inadvertantly spread the bacterium when they handle the honey. It gets on their tools, etc. Then, using stored equipment contaminated by spores will lead to a new infection even after years of storage. If there are no honey bees, there's no pollination of their favored flowers (blue and yellow) or assistance in that flower's seed production, and, in turn, no production of honey!
"Honey bees, Apis mellifera, face many parasites and pathogens that cause them disease, and consequently rely on a diverse set of individual and group-level defenses to prevent that disease. One route by which honey bees and other insects might combat disease is through the shielding effects of their microbial symbionts. Bees carry a diverse assemblage of bacteria, very few of which appear to be pathogenic. The primary bacterial pathogen of honey bees is gram-positive Paenibacillus larvae (American foulbrood)."
Evans, J.D., Armstrong, T.N. 2005. Selective screening for honey bee bacterial symbionts that inhibit a key bacterial pathogen, paenibacillus larvae. Journal of Apicultural Research. 44:168-171.
Interpretive Summary: "Among the honey bee diseases, American Foulbrood disease (AFB) is especially widespread and damaging. This disease is caused by a single species of bacteria, Paenibacillus larvae. We used inhibition assays and genetic screens to identify several bacterial species found in natural bee populations that strongly inhibit P. larvae. These newly identified bacteria are candidates for novel control strategies against P. larvae and other honey bee disease agents. They also can help explain great variation across bees and colonies in disease rates when exposed to P. larvae. The results can be used to help develop novel strategies that reduce the need for antibiotics and other controls for this disease.
Technical Abstract: Insects harbor diverse bacterial symbionts and it is increasingly evident that many of these symbionts play important facultative roles as mutualists. While honey bees possess a diverse microbial flora, the impacts of most of these species on honey bee health remains unresolved. Here, in vitro inhibition assays were used to identify bacteria isolated from larval honey bees that inhibit the gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae larvae, the primary pathogen of bees. Among the diverse bacteria cultured from larval bees, strains placed in the genera Stenotrophomonas, Acitenobacter, Brevibacillus and Bacillus showed the most consistent inhibition of this widespread pathogen. These species were present in approximately 10% of the larvae from an age class that is susceptible to P. l. larvae. Accordingly, symbiotic bacteria including those described here are plausible antagonists toward this important pathogen. The results suggest a tradeoff between the maintenance of potentially beneficial bacterial symbionts versus mechanisms at the individual or colony level to reduce infection by pathogens".
Reply:As far as effecting it physically, the bee is still way bigger than any bacteria so no real effect there. Otherwise, are you talking about the bee getting sick? There are more than one type of rod shaped bacteria, so would depend on the specific strain of bacteria as to wether it could help or hurt.
Reply:All species can be effected by all 3 types of bacteria, and most diseases are species specific. There are rod shaped bacteria called bacillus which can effect bees. There is a spore forming bacillus that can be in honey, which is why babies under a year are not supposed to get honey. Their digestive systems can not kill the spores and they can get botulism from honey.Clostridium botulinum
Would it help or hurt?
What effect would a rod-shaped bacteria have on a bee?
"Bacillus - Singular for a rod-shaped bacterium (plural, bacilli). There is Bacillis sphaericus (gram positive) that is important for a bee's digestion and immune system. Then again, there is another gram positive bacillus known as Paenibacillus larvae. Paenibacillus can seriously weaken and finally destroy an entire colony of honey bees. What's worse, is that when a bee colony is in this weakened state, their defenses against neighboring robber bees is low. These robber bees from nearby colonies will take the infected honey back to their own colonies and start the whole vicious cycle all over again--causing widespread destruction of the bee poulation. Too, beekeepers can inadvertantly spread the bacterium when they handle the honey. It gets on their tools, etc. Then, using stored equipment contaminated by spores will lead to a new infection even after years of storage. If there are no honey bees, there's no pollination of their favored flowers (blue and yellow) or assistance in that flower's seed production, and, in turn, no production of honey!
"Honey bees, Apis mellifera, face many parasites and pathogens that cause them disease, and consequently rely on a diverse set of individual and group-level defenses to prevent that disease. One route by which honey bees and other insects might combat disease is through the shielding effects of their microbial symbionts. Bees carry a diverse assemblage of bacteria, very few of which appear to be pathogenic. The primary bacterial pathogen of honey bees is gram-positive Paenibacillus larvae (American foulbrood)."
Evans, J.D., Armstrong, T.N. 2005. Selective screening for honey bee bacterial symbionts that inhibit a key bacterial pathogen, paenibacillus larvae. Journal of Apicultural Research. 44:168-171.
Interpretive Summary: "Among the honey bee diseases, American Foulbrood disease (AFB) is especially widespread and damaging. This disease is caused by a single species of bacteria, Paenibacillus larvae. We used inhibition assays and genetic screens to identify several bacterial species found in natural bee populations that strongly inhibit P. larvae. These newly identified bacteria are candidates for novel control strategies against P. larvae and other honey bee disease agents. They also can help explain great variation across bees and colonies in disease rates when exposed to P. larvae. The results can be used to help develop novel strategies that reduce the need for antibiotics and other controls for this disease.
Technical Abstract: Insects harbor diverse bacterial symbionts and it is increasingly evident that many of these symbionts play important facultative roles as mutualists. While honey bees possess a diverse microbial flora, the impacts of most of these species on honey bee health remains unresolved. Here, in vitro inhibition assays were used to identify bacteria isolated from larval honey bees that inhibit the gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae larvae, the primary pathogen of bees. Among the diverse bacteria cultured from larval bees, strains placed in the genera Stenotrophomonas, Acitenobacter, Brevibacillus and Bacillus showed the most consistent inhibition of this widespread pathogen. These species were present in approximately 10% of the larvae from an age class that is susceptible to P. l. larvae. Accordingly, symbiotic bacteria including those described here are plausible antagonists toward this important pathogen. The results suggest a tradeoff between the maintenance of potentially beneficial bacterial symbionts versus mechanisms at the individual or colony level to reduce infection by pathogens".
Reply:As far as effecting it physically, the bee is still way bigger than any bacteria so no real effect there. Otherwise, are you talking about the bee getting sick? There are more than one type of rod shaped bacteria, so would depend on the specific strain of bacteria as to wether it could help or hurt.
Reply:All species can be effected by all 3 types of bacteria, and most diseases are species specific. There are rod shaped bacteria called bacillus which can effect bees. There is a spore forming bacillus that can be in honey, which is why babies under a year are not supposed to get honey. Their digestive systems can not kill the spores and they can get botulism from honey.Clostridium botulinum
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)